The Bacterial MtrAB Two-Component System Regulates the Cell Wall Homeostasis Responding to Environmental Alkaline Stress.
The Bacterial MtrAB Two-Component System Regulates the Cell Wall Homeostasis Responding to Environmental Alkaline Stress.
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DOI：
10.1128/spectrum.02311-22
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发表时间：
2022-10-26
影响因子：
3.7
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中科院分区：
文献类型：
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在整个进化过程中，细菌已经开发出了信号转导工具，如双组分系统（TCS），以满足它们即使在最具挑战性的环境条件下也能茁壮成长的需求。一种称为MtrAB的TCS通常存在于放线菌中，并且涉及细胞壁代谢、细菌保护、细胞增殖、抗原分泌和次级代谢物的生物合成。然而，MtrAB TCS如何调节细菌对外部环境的反应仍不清楚。在这里，我们报告说，MtrAB TCS调节细胞包膜反应的耐碱性细菌迪茨属菌株DQ 12 -45-1b极端碱性刺激。我们发现，在碱性条件下，与野生型菌株相比，mtrAB突变体表现出生长减少和形态异常。电泳迁移率变动分析表明，MtrA结合的mraZ基因的启动子的细胞壁稳态的关键，这表明MtrA直接控制这个调节器的转录。总之，我们的研究结果表明，MtrAB TCS参与控制细菌对碱性刺激的反应，通过调节细胞壁内稳态调节剂MraZ在迪茨属DQ 12 -45-1b的表达，提供了新的细节，关键是了解细胞壁内稳态是如何控制的机制。微生物可以在大多数极端环境中找到，它们必须适应广泛的环境压力。在细菌中发现的双组分系统（TCS）检测环境刺激并调节生存的生理途径。在棒状杆菌中保守的MtrAB TCS对于维持细胞壁组分的代谢是至关重要的，细胞壁组分保护细菌免受不同的环境胁迫。然而，MtrAB TCS如何调节细胞壁稳态和适应压力条件下还不清楚。在这里，我们报告说，MtrAB TCS在迪茨属物种DQ 12 -45-1b通过MtrAB-MraZ途径调节细胞壁的稳态在碱性抗性中起着关键作用。因此，我们的工作提供了一种新的调节途径，用于细菌在极端碱性胁迫下的适应和生存。
Throughout the course of evolution, bacteria have developed signal transduction tools such as two-component systems (TCSs) to meet their demands to thrive even under the most challenging environmental conditions. One TCS called MtrAB is commonly found in Actinobacteria and is implicated in cell wall metabolism, osmoprotection, cell proliferation, antigen secretion, and biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. However, precisely how the MtrAB TCS regulates the bacterial responses to external environments remains unclear. Here, we report that the MtrAB TCS regulates the cell envelope response of alkali-tolerant bacterium Dietzia sp. strain DQ12-45-1b to extreme alkaline stimuli. We found that under alkaline conditions, an mtrAB mutant exhibited both reduced growth and abnormal morphology compared to the wild-type strain. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay analysis showed that MtrA binds the promoter of the mraZ gene critical for cell wall homeostasis, suggesting that MtrA directly controls transcription of this regulator. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that MtrAB TCS is involved in controlling the bacterial response to alkaline stimuli by regulating the expression of the cell wall homeostasis regulator MraZ in Dietzia sp. DQ12-45-1b, providing novel details critical for a mechanistic understanding of how cell wall homeostasis is controlled. IMPORTANCE Microorganisms can be found in most extreme environments, and they have to adapt to a wide range of environmental stresses. The two-component systems (TCSs) found in bacteria detect environmental stimuli and regulate physiological pathways for survival. The MtrAB TCS conserved in Corynebacterineae is critical for maintaining the metabolism of the cell wall components that protects bacteria from diverse environmental stresses. However, how the MtrAB TCS regulates cell wall homeostasis and adaptation under stress conditions is unclear. Here, we report that the MtrAB TCS in Dietzia sp. DQ12-45-1b plays a critical role in alkaline resistance by modulating the cell wall homeostasis through the MtrAB-MraZ pathway. Thus, our work provides a novel regulatory pathway used by bacteria for adaptation and survival under extreme alkaline stresses.
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