Subject preference emerges as cross-modal strategy for linguistic processing

Subject preference emerges as cross-modal strategy for linguistic processing
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主题偏好作为语言处理的跨模态策略出现

DOI:
10.1016/j.brainres.2018.03.029
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发表时间:
2018
期刊:
影响因子:
2.9
通讯作者:
Roehm, Dietmar
Roehm, Dietmar
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Krebs, Julia;Malaia, Evie;Wilbur, Ronnie B.;Roehm, Dietmar

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口语研究已经确定了一种“主语偏好”处理策略,用于处理句法上不明确句首 NP 是主语还是宾语的输入。本研究证明“主体偏好”策略也存在于手语的处理中,支持“主体”优先策略是普遍的且不依赖于语言形态(口语与手语)的假设。奥地利手语 (ÖGS) 的聋人手语者观看了 SOV 和 OSV 词序中当地模棱两可的手语句子的视频。脑电图 (EEG) 数据表明对 OSV 刺激的认知负荷较高(即 OSV 与 SOV 相比呈负性),表明句法重新分析成本。视觉模态特有的一个发现是,反映语言再分析的 ERP(事件相关电位)效应比预期发生得更早,即在消歧符号的路径运动可见的时间点之前。我们建议,在视觉形态中,在消除动词位置歧义或同时出现的非手动(面部/身体)标记之前咬合架的过渡运动可用于解决 ÖGS 中的局部歧义。因此,尽管“主体偏好”的处理策略在语言层面上是跨模式的,但与语音相比,使处理器能够应用该策略的线索在手语中有所不同。
Research on spoken languages has identified a “subject preference” processing strategy for tackling input that is syntactically ambiguous as to whether a sentence-initial NP is a subject or object. The present study documents that the “subject preference” strategy is also seen in the processing of a sign language, supporting the hypothesis that the “subject”-first strategy is universal and not dependent on the language modality (spoken vs. signed). Deaf signers of Austrian Sign Language (ÖGS) were shown videos of locally ambiguous signed sentences in SOV and OSV word orders. Electroencephalogram (EEG) data indicated higher cognitive load in response to OSV stimuli (i.e. a negativity for OSV compared to SOV), indicative of syntactic reanalysis cost. A finding that is specific to the visual modality is that the ERP (event-related potential) effect reflecting linguistic reanalysis occurred earlier than might have been expected, that is, before the time point when the path movement of the disambiguating sign was visible. We suggest that in the visual modality, transitional movement of the articulators prior to the disambiguating verb position or co-occurring non-manual (face/body) markings were used in resolving the local ambiguity in ÖGS. Thus, whereas the processing strategy of “subject preference” is cross-modal at the linguistic level, the cues that enable the processor to apply that strategy differ in signing as compared to speech.
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