Ending the epidemics of cardiovascular diseases: time is now to integrate both population and individual strategies for prevention.
Ending the epidemics of cardiovascular diseases: time is now to integrate both population and individual strategies for prevention.
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结束心血管疾病的流行：现在是整合人口和个人预防策略的时候了。
DOI：
10.1016/j.scib.2018.05.031
复制
发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
18.9
通讯作者：
Liu,Simin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Huang,Mengna;Liu,Simin
一个多世纪以来，心血管疾病(CVD)一直是主要的死亡原因[1]。到目前为止，心血管疾病仍然是全球头号死因，全球约四分之一的心血管疾病发生在中国，心血管疾病占死亡人数的40%以上，与糖尿病一起每年消耗约80%的卫生保健资源[2]。与这一不幸的全球流行病形成对比的是，自1950年代达到高峰以来，美国心血管疾病的发病率和流行率一直在下降。生活方式的改变，如高血压、血脂异常、肥胖症、吸烟、缺乏体育锻炼和不健康饮食等主要危险因素患病率的下降，已经有充分的证据表明，自那以来，美国心血管疾病的发病率和患病率都有所下降[3]。这些风险因素也是美国心脏协会“生活的简单7”方法的目标，以实现更好的心血管健康，包括积极运动、保持健康的体重、了解胆固醇、不吸烟或使用无烟烟草、吃有益心脏的饮食、保持健康的血压以及了解血糖和糖尿病[4]。其中许多风险因素通常用于开发风险预测方程，这些方程为北美和欧洲国家人群的心血管疾病预防提供了一个有价值的风险评估工具。例如，在美国，自2001年以来，Framingham Risk Score(FRS)一直是国家胆固醇教育计划专家小组关于成人高血胆固醇检测、评估和治疗的第三份报告中概述的主要预防策略的组成部分[5]。最近，美国心脏病学会和美国心脏协会于2013年发布的指南提供了通过合并多个队列(PCE)预测动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病(ASCVD)风险的风险方程，ASCVD将中风和冠心病合并为一个临床结果[6，7]。在初级预防中使用这些风险评估工具的主要目的是尽可能准确地识别高危个人，以便在卫生保健系统有限的资源限制下针对这些个人进行密集的预防工作。
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been the leading cause of death for well over a century [1]. To date, CVD remains the number one cause of death globally, and approximately one fourth of the world’s CVD occur in China where CVD accounts for over 40% of the deaths, and together with diabetes consume approximately 80% health care resources annually [2]. Set against this unfortunate global epidemic is the consistent decline in both incidence and prevalence of CVD in the United Stated since its peak in the 1950s. It has been well documented that changes in lifestyles such as decreases in the prevalence of major risk factors including high blood pressure, dyslipidemia, adiposity, smoking, physical inactivity, and unhealthy diet, have since reduced CVD incidence and prevalence in the US [3]. These risk factors are also targeted by the American Heart Association’s ‘‘Life’s Simple 7” approach to achieve even better cardiovascular health, which includes being active, keeping a healthy weight, learning about cholesterol, no smoking or using smokeless tobacco, eating a heart-healthy diet, keeping a healthy blood pressure, and learning about blood sugar and diabetes mellitus [4]. Many of these risk factors are commonly used in developing risk prediction equations, which serve as a valuable risk evaluation tool for individuals for CVD prevention in populations of North America and European nations. For instance, in the US the Framingham Risk Score (FRS) has been an integral part of the primary prevention strategies outlined in the Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults since 2001 [5]. More recently, guidelines released by the American College of Cardiology and American Heart Association in 2013 provided the risk equation obtained through the pooling of multiple cohorts (PCEs) in predicting the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) that combined stroke and coronary heart disease as one clinical outcome [6, 7]. The main purpose of using these risk assessment tools in primary prevention is to identify individuals at high risk as precisely as possible, so as to direct intensive prevention efforts towards these individuals within the constraint of limited resources in the health care system.
我们如何才能结束心脏代谢疾病的流行？
DOI：
10.3760/cma.j.issn.1000-6699.2017.06.001
发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
--
作者：
Xiaochen Lin;Fangchao Liu
通讯作者：
Fangchao Liu
影响因子：
24
作者：
Li Y;Wang DD;Ley SH;Howard AG;He Y;Lu Y;Danaei G;Hu FB
通讯作者：
Hu FB
预测中国人群患动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病的终生风险：China-PAR 项目
影响因子：
18.9
作者：
Liu, Fangchao;Li, Jianxin;Lu, Xiangfeng
通讯作者：
Lu, Xiangfeng