The segmentation of sub-lexical morphemes in english-learning 15-month-olds.
The segmentation of sub-lexical morphemes in english-learning 15-month-olds.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00024
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Mintz TH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mintz TH
在大多数人类语言中，语言结构的重要组成部分由词缀（也称为绑定语素）承载。语言中的词缀由一组相对较小但经常出现的形式组成，它们作为单词的一部分出现，但如果没有词干则不会出现。它们以系统且可预测的方式与词干和其他语法实体有效地结合起来。例如，英语后缀 -ing 出现在动词词干上，并与助动词 be 的形式组合，标志着动词具有进行体（例如，was Walking）。在习得一门语言时，学习者必须掌握词缀的组合规则。然而，在学习这些组合规则之前，学习者面临着发现规则运作的子词汇形式是什么。也就是说，他们必须自己发现绑定的语素。我们不知道英语学习者何时开始将单词分析为形态单位。之前针对英语学习者的研究发现，有证据表明 18 个月大的孩子已经开始学习涉及绑定语素的组合规则，而 15 个月大的孩子还没有。然而，尚不清楚 15 个月大的孩子是否仍将语素表示为不同的实体。本研究表明，当 15 个月大的孩子处理以 -ing 结尾的单词时，他们会将后缀从单词中分割出来，但对于非语素的词尾则不会这样做。八个月大的孩子还没有表现出这种能力。因此，15 个月大的孩子已经开始识别绑定语素并积极使用它们来处理语音。
In most human languages, important components of linguistic structure are carried by affixes, also called bound morphemes. The affixes in a language comprise a relatively small but frequently occurring set of forms that surface as parts of words, but never occur without a stem. They combine productively with word stems and other grammatical entities in systematic and predictable ways. For example, the English suffix -ing occurs on verb stems, and in combination with a form of the auxiliary verb be, marks the verb with progressive aspect (e.g., was walking). In acquiring a language, learners must acquire rules of combination for affixes. However, prior to learning these combinatorial rules, learners are faced with discovering what the sub-lexical forms are over which the rules operate. That is, they have to discover the bound morphemes themselves. It is not known when English-learners begin to analyze words into morphological units. Previous research with learners of English found evidence that 18-month-olds have started to learn the combinatorial rules involving bound morphemes, and that 15-month-olds have not. However, it is not known whether 15-month-olds nevertheless represent the morphemes as distinct entities. This present study demonstrates that when 15-month-olds process words that end in -ing, they segment the suffix from the word, but they do not do so with endings that are not morphemes. Eight-month olds do not show this capacity. Thus, 15-month-olds have already started to identify bound morphemes and actively use them in processing speech.
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影响因子：
2
作者：
de Villiers, J G;de Villiers, P A
通讯作者：
de Villiers, P A
影响因子：
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影响因子：
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影响因子：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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