Coordinatewise Gaussianization: Theories and Applications

Coordinatewise Gaussianization: Theories and Applications
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坐标高斯化:理论与应用

DOI:
10.1080/01621459.2022.2044825
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发表时间:
2022-02
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
Hui Zou
Hui Zou
中科院分区:
数学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Qing Mai;Di He;Hui Zou

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在统计分析中,研究人员经常进行坐标高斯化,使每个变量都是边际正态的。正态分数变换是一种坐标高斯化方法,广泛应用于统计学、计量经济学、遗传学等领域。然而,关于正态分数变换的理论性质的研究很少,特别是在维度p随样本量n发散的高维问题中。在本文中,我们证明了即使当log p=o(n/ log n)时,正态分数变换也一致收敛于它的总体对应项。我们的结果可以证明,在任何下游统计方法之前,理论正态变换是有益的。同样的结果也适用于Winsorized normal变换,这是另一种常用的坐标高斯化方法。通过研究坐标高斯化在高斯copula模型、最近压缩质心分类器和距离相关中的应用,证明了坐标高斯化的优点。这些好处在理论上得到了明确的证明,并得到了数值研究的支持。此外,我们还指出了坐标高斯化没有帮助甚至造成损害的情况。我们提供了一个关于如何在应用中使用坐标高斯化的一般建议。本文的补充材料可在网上获得。
Abstract In statistical analysis, researchers often perform coordinatewise Gaussianization such that each variable is marginally normal. The normal score transformation is a method for coordinatewise Gaussianization and is widely used in statistics, econometrics, genetics and other areas. However, few studies exist on the theoretical properties of the normal score transformation, especially in high-dimensional problems where the dimension p diverges with the sample size n. In this article, we show that the normal score transformation uniformly converges to its population counterpart even when log p=o(n/ log n). Our result can justify the normal score transformation prior to any downstream statistical method to which the theoretical normal transformation is beneficial. The same results are established for the Winsorized normal transformation, another popular choice for coordinatewise Gaussianization. We demonstrate the benefits of coordinatewise Gaussianization by studying its applications to the Gaussian copula model, the nearest shrunken centroids classifier and distance correlation. The benefits are clearly shown in theory and supported by numerical studies. Moreover, we also point out scenarios where coordinatewise Gaussinization does not help and even causes damages. We offer a general recommendation on how to use coordinatewise Gaussianization in applications. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
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