Rivers and roads: A political ecology of displacement, development, and chronic liminality in Zambia's Gwembe Valley
Rivers and roads: A political ecology of displacement, development, and chronic liminality in Zambia's Gwembe Valley
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河流和道路：赞比亚格温贝河谷流离失所、发展和长期阈限的政治生态
DOI：
10.1002/sea2.12151
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
0.9
通讯作者：
Scudder, Thayer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Harnish, Allison;Cliggett, Lisa;Scudder, Thayer
1958 年卡里巴大坝的建设引发了生计不安全和长期的阈限问题，并影响了后代。一个酋长领导下的一个社区被分成两个相距 200 多公里的边缘安置点。大坝建成六十年后，经历了一系列参与和疏远国际发展规划的周期性转变后，世界银行重新启动了新的底层道路，最终重新连接了这两个社区。它还为新的灌溉开发和支持计划释放了资金。本文介绍的研究表明，虽然底路正在刺激经济增长，但它也带来了资本雄厚的外来者，他们渴望从长期居住的汤加格温贝农民那里索取土地和水资源。对公路南端和北端两个商业农业/灌溉计划的分析表明，新的基础设施往往会导致自然资源迅速流失和生计剧变。将长期阈限现象与水社会循环相结合，我们将这些项目置于更广泛的土地和水私有化区域历史中，并揭示与水相关的发展干预措施如何给当地特定群体带来脆弱性。
The construction of Kariba Dam in 1958 ignited a legacy of livelihood insecurity and chronic liminality that reverberated through subsequent generations. A community under one chief was split into two marginal resettlement sites more than 200 km apart. Sixty years after the dam's construction, and following a series of cyclical shifts between access to and alienation from international development programming, the World Bank has returned to initiate the new Bottom Road, which at last reconnects these two communities. It has also released funds for a new irrigation development and support program. Research presented here suggests that, while the Bottom Road is spurring economic growth, it is also delivering capitalized outsiders, eager to claim land and water resources from long‐resident Gwembe Tonga farmers. Analysis of two commercial agriculture/irrigation schemes, at the road's southern and northern terminuses, reveals that new infrastructure often leads to rapid natural resource alienation and livelihood upheaval. Integrating the lens of chronic liminality with the hydrosocial cycle, we situate these projects within a broader regional history of land and water privatization and reveal how water‐linked development interventions produce vulnerabilities for particular segments of the local population.
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DOI：
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DOI：
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DOI：
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发表时间：
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