Transporter gene acquisition and innovation in the evolution of Microsporidia intracellular parasites.

Transporter gene acquisition and innovation in the evolution of Microsporidia intracellular parasites.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41467-018-03923-4
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发表时间:
2018-04-27
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Embley TM
Embley TM
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Dean P;Sendra KM;Williams TA;Watson AK;Major P;Nakjang S;Kozhevnikova E;Goldberg AV;Kunji ERS;Hirt RP;Embley TM

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通过水平转移获得基因可以赋予全新的生物功能,并为重大进化创新提供重要途径。在这里,我们使用古老的基因重建和功能分析来研究单个水平转移的核苷酸转运体对微孢子虫共同祖先的影响,微孢子虫是动物和人类细胞内寄生虫的主要辐射。我们发现,这种转运蛋白为早期微孢子虫提供了窃取宿主ATP并成为能量寄生虫的能力。基因复制使核苷酸转运体功能多样化,以运输新的底物,包括GTP和NAD+,并进化为用于核酸生物合成、生长和复制的质子驱动的核苷酸净进口。这些创新使线粒体和胞质能量产生以及核苷酸生物合成失去了途径,而这些途径本来是自由生活的真核生物所必需的,导致当代微孢子虫的细胞和基因组高度不寻常和减少。微孢子虫是感染人类和动物的专性细胞内寄生虫。在这里,Dean等人。进行古老的基因重建和功能分析,以研究核苷酸转运蛋白的进化和功能多样性,这是寄生虫细胞内生活方式的关键。
The acquisition of genes by horizontal transfer can impart entirely new biological functions and provide an important route to major evolutionary innovation. Here we have used ancient gene reconstruction and functional assays to investigate the impact of a single horizontally transferred nucleotide transporter into the common ancestor of the Microsporidia, a major radiation of intracellular parasites of animals and humans. We show that this transporter provided early microsporidians with the ability to steal host ATP and to become energy parasites. Gene duplication enabled the diversification of nucleotide transporter function to transport new substrates, including GTP and NAD+, and to evolve the proton-energized net import of nucleotides for nucleic acid biosynthesis, growth and replication. These innovations have allowed the loss of pathways for mitochondrial and cytosolic energy generation and nucleotide biosynthesis that are otherwise essential for free-living eukaryotes, resulting in the highly unusual and reduced cells and genomes of contemporary Microsporidia. Microsporidia are obligate intracellular parasites that infect both humans and animals. Here, Dean et al. perform ancient gene reconstruction and functional assays to investigate the evolution and functional diversification of nucleotide transporters which are key to the parasite's intracellular lifestyle.
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