The Complete Chloroplast Genome of a Key Ancestor of Modern Roses, Rosa chinensis var. spontanea, and a Comparison with Congeneric Species.
The Complete Chloroplast Genome of a Key Ancestor of Modern Roses, Rosa chinensis var. spontanea, and a Comparison with Congeneric Species.
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现代玫瑰关键祖先Rosa chinensis var.的完整叶绿体基因组。
DOI：
10.3390/molecules23020389
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发表时间：
2018-02-12
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Zhang SD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jian HY;Zhang YH;Yan HJ;Qiu XQ;Wang QG;Li SB;Zhang SD
月季密花是中国特有的濒危植物，是现代玫瑰的主要祖先之一，也是治疗月经不调和痛经等女性疾病的著名中药的来源。本研究采用全基因组技术，对红球藻的叶绿体基因组进行了研究。中国变种spontanea进行了测序，分析，并与同类物种进行了比较。对R.中国变种spontanea是一个典型的四方环状分子，长度为156，590 bp，包括一个85，910 bp的大单拷贝（LSC）区域和一个18，762 bp的小单拷贝（SSC）区域，由两个25，959 bp的反向重复（IR）区域分隔。全基因组的GC含量为37.2%，LSC、SSC和IR的GC含量分别为42.8%、35.2%和31.2%。基因组编码129个基因，包括84个蛋白质编码基因（PCG），37个转运RNA（tRNA）基因和8个核糖体RNA（rRNA）基因。在IR区域的17个基因被发现是重复的。结果表明，在该菌cp基因组中检测到33个正向重复序列和5个反向重复序列。中国变种自发的基因组富含SSR。共检测到85个SSR。基因组比较显示，IR收缩可能是导致R.中国变种与其他同类物种相比，spontanea。序列分析表明，LSC和SSC区域比蔷薇属内的IR区域更加发散，并且非编码区比编码区发生更高的发散。系统发育分析表明，蔷薇属植物形成了一个单系分支，蔷薇R.中国变种spontanea与R.合花柱组（Synstylae）的丽江山虎斑（R.lichiangensis）与R.香果变种中国人的一种茶。这些信息将为红毛菊的保护遗传学研究提供参考。中国变种本研究为蔷薇属植物的系统发育研究提供了重要资料，也为现代蔷薇的遗传育种提供了参考。
Rosa chinensis var. spontanea, an endemic and endangered plant of China, is one of the key ancestors of modern roses and a source for famous traditional Chinese medicines against female diseases, such as irregular menses and dysmenorrhea. In this study, the complete chloroplast (cp) genome of R. chinensis var. spontanea was sequenced, analyzed, and compared to congeneric species. The cp genome of R. chinensis var. spontanea is a typical quadripartite circular molecule of 156,590 bp in length, including one large single copy (LSC) region of 85,910 bp and one small single copy (SSC) region of 18,762 bp, separated by two inverted repeat (IR) regions of 25,959 bp. The GC content of the whole genome is 37.2%, while that of LSC, SSC, and IR is 42.8%, 35.2% and 31.2%, respectively. The genome encodes 129 genes, including 84 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 37 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, and eight ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes. Seventeen genes in the IR regions were found to be duplicated. Thirty-three forward and five inverted repeats were detected in the cp genome of R. chinensis var. spontanea. The genome is rich in SSRs. In total, 85 SSRs were detected. A genome comparison revealed that IR contraction might be the reason for the relatively smaller cp genome size of R. chinensis var. spontanea compared to other congeneric species. Sequence analysis revealed that the LSC and SSC regions were more divergent than the IR regions within the genus Rosa and that a higher divergence occurred in non-coding regions than in coding regions. A phylogenetic analysis showed that the sampled species of the genus Rosa formed a monophyletic clade and that R. chinensis var. spontanea shared a more recent ancestor with R. lichiangensis of the section Synstylae than with R. odorata var. gigantea of the section Chinenses. This information will be useful for the conservation genetics of R. chinensis var. spontanea and for the phylogenetic study of the genus Rosa, and it might also facilitate the genetics and breeding of modern roses.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.92.17.7759
发表时间：
1995-08-15
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
POWELL, W;MORGANTE, M;RAFALSKI, JA
通讯作者：
RAFALSKI, JA
影响因子：
5.8
作者：
Mayor, C;Brudno, M;Dubchak, I
通讯作者：
Dubchak, I
影响因子：
5.8
作者：
Mudunuri, Suresh B.;Nagarajaram, Hampapathalu A.
通讯作者：
Nagarajaram, Hampapathalu A.
影响因子：
4.9
作者：
Provan, J
通讯作者：
Provan, J
影响因子：
10.7
作者：
Katoh K;Standley DM
通讯作者：
Standley DM