Assessing the sustainability of freshwater systems: A critical review of composite indicators.
Assessing the sustainability of freshwater systems: A critical review of composite indicators.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/s13280-016-0792-7
复制
发表时间：
2016-11
期刊：
影响因子：
6.5
通讯作者：
Andelman, Sandy J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Vollmer, Derek;Regan, Helen M.;Andelman, Sandy J.
定量指标是评估可持续淡水系统的复杂层面以及为政策制定者和决策者构建科学知识的常用手段。目前使用的指标很多，但在衡量什么和如何应用指标方面差异很大，使最终用户难以确定适当的评估方法。我们回顾了95个与水有关的指数，并沿着它们的规范性、程序性和系统性维度对其进行沿着分析，以更好地理解问题是如何定义的，突出重叠和差异，并确定特定指数有用的背景。我们还分析了每个索引的预期用途、最终用户和应用的地理规模。我们发现，风险评估是最常见的应用（n = 25），在这组指数通常侧重于危害识别（生物物理评估）或人口的脆弱性。衡量淡水生态健康的指数没有明确地将这些指标与生态系统服务联系起来，事实上，生态系统服务的概念很少（n = 3）用于指标选择。资源管理人员是最常见的预定最终用户群体（n = 25），但尽管有28项指数涉及与潜在最终用户协商，但有11项指数没有具体说明预定用途。我们的结论是，指数可以用作面向解决方案的工具，评估场景并确定服务和受益人之间的权衡，而不仅仅是评估和监控现有条件。最后，建议尽早让最终用户参与，以帮助研究人员在指标的显著性、合法性和可信度之间找到正确的平衡，从而提高他们的决策相关性。本文的在线版本（doi：10.1007/s13280-016-0792-7）包含补充材料，可供授权用户使用。
Quantitative indicators are a common means of assessing the complex dimensions of a sustainable freshwater system, and framing scientific knowledge for policy and decision makers. There is an abundance of indicators in use, but considerable variation in terms of what is being measured and how indicators are applied, making it difficult for end-users to identify suitable assessment methods. We review 95 water-related indices and analyze them along their normative, procedural, and systemic dimensions to better understand how problems are being defined, highlight overlaps and differences, and identify the context(s) in which a particular index is useful. We also analyze the intended use, end-users, and geographic scale of application for each index. We find that risk assessment is the most common application (n = 25), with indices in this group typically focusing either on hazard identification (biophysical assessments) or vulnerability of human populations. Indices that measure freshwater ecological health are not explicitly linking these indicators to ecosystem services, and in fact the concept of ecosystem services is rarely (n = 3) used for indicator selection. Resource managers are the most common group of intended end-users (n = 25), but while 28 indices involved consultation with potential end-users, 11 did not specify an intended use. We conclude that indices can be applied as solution-oriented tools, evaluating scenarios and identifying tradeoffs among services and beneficiaries, rather than only assessing and monitoring existing conditions. Finally, earlier engagement of end-users is recommended to help researchers find the right balance among indices’ salience, legitimacy, and credibility and thus improve their decision relevance. The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s13280-016-0792-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
7.9
作者：
Binder, Claudia R.;Feola, Giuseppe;Steinberger, Julia K.
通讯作者：
Steinberger, Julia K.
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Bayart, Jean-Baptiste;Worbe, Sebastien;Aoustin, Emanuelle
通讯作者：
Aoustin, Emanuelle
DOI：
10.1023/a:1005826407118
发表时间：
1997-01-01
期刊：
Irrigation and Drainage Systems
影响因子：
--
作者：
Bos, Marinus G.
通讯作者：
Bos, Marinus G.
影响因子：
4.1
作者：
Bagstad, Kenneth J.;Villa, Ferdinando;Johnson, Gary W.
通讯作者：
Johnson, Gary W.
影响因子：
7
作者：
Boehringer, Christoph;Jochem, Patrick E. P.
通讯作者：
Jochem, Patrick E. P.