Physical disease and resilient outcomes: a systematic review of resilience definitions and study methods.
Physical disease and resilient outcomes: a systematic review of resilience definitions and study methods.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.psym.2014.10.005
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发表时间：
2015-03
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Black C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Johnston MC;Porteous T;Crilly MA;Burton CD;Elliott A;Iversen L;McArdle K;Murray A;Phillips LH;Black C
身体疾病复原力研究的结果可用于制定减少疾病负担的方法。然而，在身体疾病的背景下，对复原力的定义和测量没有达成共识。目的是总结身体疾病弹性的定义范围，以及在检查身体疾病及其与弹性结果的关系的研究中研究它所采取的方法。从开始到2013年3月，对电子数据库进行了检索，以评估身体疾病与弹性结局的相关性。文章筛选、数据提取和质量评估由2名评审员独立进行，分歧由第三名评审员解决。使用叙述技术将结果合并。在2280篇文章中，12篇符合纳入标准。在这些研究中，1项质量较高，9项质量中等，2项质量较低。共同的发现是，复原力涉及在逆境后保持健康的功能水平，这是一个动态的过程，而不是一种人格特征。研究要么根据观察到的结果评估复原力，要么通过复原力测量量表进行评估。他们要么认为身体疾病是导致恢复力的逆境，要么认为身体疾病是改变逆境和恢复力之间关系的变量。这项工作开始就定义和衡量身体疾病复原力时采取的方法达成共识。复原力应被视为一个动态过程，在生命过程和不同领域中各不相同，因此，复原力衡量标准的选择应反映这一点。
Findings from physical disease resilience research may be used to develop approaches to reduce the burden of disease. However, there is no consensus on the definition and measurement of resilience in the context of physical disease. The aim was to summarize the range of definitions of physical disease resilience and the approaches taken to study it in studies examining physical disease and its relationship to resilient outcomes. Electronic databases were searched from inception to March 2013 for studies in which physical disease was assessed for its association with resilient outcomes. Article screening, data extraction, and quality assessment were carried out independently by 2 reviewers, with disagreements being resolved by a third reviewer. The results were combined using a narrative technique. Of 2280 articles, 12 met the inclusion criteria. Of these studies, 1 was of high quality, 9 were of moderate quality, and 2 were low quality. The common findings were that resilience involves maintaining healthy levels of functioning following adversity and that it is a dynamic process not a personality trait. Studies either assessed resilience based on observed outcomes or via resilience measurement scales. They either considered physical disease as an adversity leading to resilience or as a variable modifying the relationship between adversity and resilience. This work begins building consensus as to the approach to take when defining and measuring physical disease resilience. Resilience should be considered as a dynamic process that varies across the life-course and across different domains, therefore the choice of a resilience measure should reflect this.
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