Grazing offsets the stimulating effects of nitrogen addition on soil CH4 emissions in a meadow steppe in Northeast China
Grazing offsets the stimulating effects of nitrogen addition on soil CH4 emissions in a meadow steppe in Northeast China
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放牧抵消了氮添加对中国东北草甸草原土壤甲烷排放的刺激作用
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0225862
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发表时间：
2019-12
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Wei Sun
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rongrong Ren;Wanling Xu;Mingming Zhao;Wei Sun
放牧是草地最常见的土地利用类型，放牧可能会改变预测的氮沉降增加对土壤CH 4通量的影响。为了解施氮、放牧及其交互作用对土壤CH 4通量的影响，于2017 - 2018年在中国东北草甸草原进行了CH 4通量的野外研究。测定了土壤CH 4通量、土壤理化参数和植被参数。所研究的草甸草原土壤作为一个CH 4源，由于极端降雨事件的遗产影响。试验期间，对照（CK）、放牧（G）、施氮（N）和放牧加氮（NG）处理的CH 4平均通量分别为7.8 ± 1.0、5.8 ± 0.5、9.3 ± 0.9和7.6 ± 0.6 μg m-2 h-1。CK、G、N和NG处理的CH 4累积通量分别为24.9 ± 2.6、11.5 ± 4.9、28.8 ± 4.2和17.8 ± 3.5 μg m-2 yr-1。施氮使CH 4通量平均增加了19%，放牧使其减少了25%。土壤CH 4通量与0-10 cm土壤孔隙水、土壤NH 4 +-N和NO3--N均呈极显著正相关（P <0.01），与0-10 cm土壤温度呈极显著负相关（P <0.01）。放牧和施氮处理对CH 4通量的影响显著（P < 0.05），施氮处理显著（P < 0.05）增加CH 4通量，而放牧显著（P < 0.05）降低CH 4通量。放牧抵消了施氮对CH 4排放通量的刺激作用，CK和NG样地的CH 4排放通量无显著差异（P = 0.79）。综上所述，适度放牧有可能减少氮添加对CH 4通量的负面影响，并可以增加土壤CH 4汇的容量在所研究的草甸草原。
Grazing is the most common land use type for grasslands, and grazing may alter the impacts of the predicted enhancement of nitrogen deposition on soil CH4 flux. To understand the effects of nitrogen addition, grazing, and their interactions on soil CH4 flux, we conducted a field study on CH4 flux in a meadow steppe in Northeast China from 2017 to 2018. We measured the soil CH4 flux and soil physiochemical and vegetation parameters. The studied meadow steppe soil acted as a CH4 source due to the legacy effects of an extreme rainfall event. During the experimental period, the average CH4 fluxes were 7.8 ± 1.0, 5.8 ± 0.5, 9.3 ± 0.9 and 7.6 ± 0.6 μg m-2 h-1 for the CK (control), G (grazing), N (nitrogen addition) and NG (grazing and nitrogen addition) treatments, respectively. The cumulative CH4 fluxes were 24.9 ± 2.6, 11.5 ± 4.9, 28.8 ± 4.2 and 17.8 ± 3.5 μg m-2 yr-1 for the CK, G, N and NG treatments, respectively. The N addition increased the average CH4 flux by 19%, and the grazing treatment reduced it by 25%. The soil CH4 flux was positively correlated with the 0–10 cm soil water filled pore space (P < 0.01), soil NH4+-N (P < 0.01) and soil NO3--N (P < 0.01), but negatively correlated with the 0–10 cm soil temperature (P < 0.01), except for the sampling dates that were strongly influenced by the extreme rainfall event. The average CH4 flux was significantly (P < 0.05) affected by the grazing and N addition treatments with the N addition treatment significantly (P < 0.05) increased the CH4 flux, whereas grazing significantly (P < 0.05) decreased the CH4 flux. Grazing offset the stimulating effects of N addition on CH4 flux, and there was no difference (P = 0.79) in the CH4 flux between the CK and NG plots. In summary, moderate grazing has the potential to reduce the negative impacts of N addition on CH4 flux and can increase the capacity of the soil CH4 sink in the studied meadow steppe.
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