Perception of HIV risk and the quantity and quality of children: The case of rural Malawi.

Perception of HIV risk and the quantity and quality of children: The case of rural Malawi.
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DOI:
10.1007/s00148-013-0498-0
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发表时间:
2015-01
影响因子:
6.1
通讯作者:
Kohler, Hans-Peter
Kohler, Hans-Peter
中科院分区:
经济学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Castro, Ruben;Behrman, Jere R.;Kohler, Hans-Peter

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关于艾滋病毒对儿童质量(Q)和数量(N)影响的经验文献提供的证据有限,而且有些混杂。本研究将个人对HIV风险的认知作为死亡率的预测因子引入Q-N投资模型。在这个模型中,较高的孕产妇死亡率预测较低的N,而较高的儿童死亡率预测较低的Q。因此,这两种效应一起使HIV与Q和N之间可能存在负相关。根据马拉维农村母亲及其子女的纵向微观数据,我们的研究结果表明,母亲报告的艾滋病毒风险较高,降低了儿童的质量,反映在儿童的教育和健康,以及儿童的数量,当感知的风险已经是中等或高。影响是相当大的,在Q(教育和健康)的情况下,发现儿童和青少年,男孩和女孩,而在N的情况下,他们发现年轻和成熟的妇女。
The empirical literature on the impact of HIV on the quality (Q) and quantity (N) of children provides limited and somewhat mixed evidence. This study introduces individual HIV risk perceptions, as a predictor of mortality, into a Q-N investment model. In this model, higher maternal mortality predicts lower N while higher child mortality predicts lower Q. Thus the two effects together make likely negative associations between HIV and both Q and N. Based on longitudinal micro data on mothers and their children in rural Malawi, our results suggest that higher mothers' reported HIV risk reduces both child quality, as reflected in children's schooling and health, and child quantity, when the perceived risk is already moderate or high. The effects are sizable, and, in the case of Q (schooling and health) are found for children and teenagers, both boys and girls, while in the case of N they are found for young and mature women.
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