Mechanism and functions of membrane binding by the Atg5-Atg12/Atg16 complex during autophagosome formation.

Mechanism and functions of membrane binding by the Atg5-Atg12/Atg16 complex during autophagosome formation.
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DOI:
10.1038/emboj.2012.278
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发表时间:
2012-11-14
期刊:
影响因子:
11.4
通讯作者:
Martens, Sascha
Martens, Sascha
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Romanov, Julia;Walczak, Marta;Ibiricu, Iosune;Schuechner, Stefan;Ogris, Egon;Kraft, Claudine;Martens, Sascha

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自噬是细胞质物质大量降解的保守过程。自噬的触发导致称为自噬体的双膜结合囊泡的形成。保守的 Atg5-Atg12/Atg16 复合物对于自噬体的形成至关重要。在这里,我们展示了酵母 Atg5-Atg12/Atg16 复合物直接结合膜。膜结合由 Atg5 介导,受 Atg12 抑制,并由 Atg16 激活。在使用巨型单层囊泡和重组蛋白的完全重构系统中,我们揭示了复合物的所有成分都是有效促进 Atg8 与磷脂酰乙醇胺缀合所必需的,并且能够在此过程中为其所有成分分配精确的功能。此外,我们报告在体外 Atg5-Atg12/Atg16 复合物能够独立于 Atg8 束缚膜。此外,我们发现 Atg5 的膜结合是其募集到自噬体前结构的下游,但对于 Atg8 接合和囊泡闭合之前的阶段的自噬和细胞质到液泡的运输至关重要。我们的研究结果为 Atg5-Atg12/Atg16 复合物在自噬体形成过程中的作用机制提供了重要的见解。
Autophagy is a conserved process for the bulk degradation of cytoplasmic material. Triggering of autophagy results in the formation of double membrane-bound vesicles termed autophagosomes. The conserved Atg5-Atg12/Atg16 complex is essential for autophagosome formation. Here we show that the yeast Atg5-Atg12/Atg16 complex directly binds membranes. Membrane binding is mediated by Atg5, inhibited by Atg12 and activated by Atg16. In a fully reconstituted system using giant unilamellar vesicles and recombinant proteins we reveal that all components of the complex are required for efficient promotion of Atg8 conjugation to phosphatidylethanolamine and are able to assign precise functions to all of its components during this process. In addition, we report that in vitro the Atg5-Atg12/Atg16 complex is able to tether membranes independently of Atg8. Furthermore, we show that membrane binding by Atg5 is downstream of its recruitment to the preautophagosomal structure but is essential for autophagy and cytoplasm-to-vacuole transport at a stage preceding Atg8 conjugation and vesicle closure. Our findings provide important insights into the mechanism of action of the Atg5-Atg12/Atg16 complex during autophagosome formation.
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