History of bioavailable lead and iron in the Greater North Sea and Iceland during the last millennium - a bivalve sclerochronological reconstruction.

History of bioavailable lead and iron in the Greater North Sea and Iceland during the last millennium - a bivalve sclerochronological reconstruction.
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上个千年大北海和冰岛生物可利用铅和铁的历史 - 双壳类硬化年代重建

DOI:
10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.08.005
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发表时间:
2014
影响因子:
5.8
通讯作者:
Jochum KP
Jochum KP
中科院分区:
环境科学与生态学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Holland HA;Schöne BR;Marali S;Jochum KP

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我们提出的第一个年度解决记录的生物有效的铅和铁在大北海和冰岛在1040-2004年广告的基础上壳的长寿的海洋bivalveArctica islandica。北海工业化前的贝壳中的铁含量基本上低于检测极限。仅从1830年开始,贝壳铁含量逐渐上升,反映了含铁沉积物陆地径流增加和富营养化的综合影响。虽然20世纪世纪铅汽油的峰值被贝壳很好地记录下来,但生活在中世纪冶金鼎盛时期的双壳类动物的贝壳铅含量比现代标本高出四倍。据推测,工业化前的双壳类提供了更大比例的再悬浮(铅富集)有机物,而现代标本接收新鲜的(铅耗尽)浮游植物的数量增加。正如预期的那样,来自冰岛的炮弹中的金属载荷要低得多。我们的研究证实,双壳类贝壳提供了一个强大的工具,回顾性的环境生物监测。
We present the first annually resolved record of biologically available Pb and Fe in the Greater North Sea and Iceland during 1040–2004 AD based on shells of the long-lived marine bivalveArctica islandica. The iron content in pre-industrial shells from the North Sea largely remained below the detection limit. Only since 1830, shell Fe levels rose gradually reflecting the combined effect of increased terrestrial runoff of iron-bearing sediments and eutrophication. Although the lead gasoline peak of the 20th century was well recorded by the shells, bivalves that lived during the medieval heyday of metallurgy showed four-fold higher shell Pb levels than modern specimens. Presumably, pre-industrial bivalves were offered larger proportions of resuspended (Pb-enriched) organics, whereas modern specimens receive fresh increased amounts of (Pb-depleted) phytoplankton. As expected, metal loads in the shells from Iceland were much lower. Our study confirms that bivalve shells provide a powerful tool for retrospective environmental biomonitoring.
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