The contribution of animal antibiotic use to antibiotic resistance in humans: Panel evidence from Denmark
The contribution of animal antibiotic use to antibiotic resistance in humans: Panel evidence from Denmark
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动物抗生素的使用对人类抗生素耐药性的贡献：来自丹麦的小组证据
DOI：
10.1101/2024.01.10.24301091
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发表时间：
2024
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Emes E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Emes E
动物抗生素使用（ABU）被认为是选择抗生素耐药性（ABR）的主要因素，随后导致人群感染。然而，很少有量化的大小，这种关联。丹麦，作为一个国家的高水平的猪生产和良好的监测数据，是一个理想的案例研究，探索这种association.In本文中，我们编译了一个数据集ABU在几个动物物种和抗生素类，和数据的抗生素耐药率（ABR）在人类的主要病原体，在丹麦随着时间的推移（2010 - 2020年）。我们进行面板数据回归（固定效应、随机效应、第一差异和合并普通最小二乘）来测试人类感染中的ABR水平和动物中的ABU水平之间的关联。在人类的ABR和动物物种中的ABU之间，我们发现牛的正相关，家禽和伴侣动物的正相关的一些证据，以及鱼类的负相关，尽管后者可能由混杂因素驱动。当ABU滞后一年时，ABU在牛和伴侣动物中的影响保持相似，ABU在家禽中的影响大小下降，ABU在鱼类中不再显着，可能是由于动物物种之间生命周期长度的差异。研究还探索了其他协变量，包括宠物数量、农业生产和人均GDP（按购买力平价计算），但这些结果受到数据集统计能力的限制。在所有模型中，动物ABU仅决定了人类ABR水平变化的一小部分，校正R2范围为0.19 - 0.44。本文支持动物ABU在决定人类ABR水平中的作用，但认为，尽管动物ABU占系统ABU的很大一部分，但它只能解释一小部分变化。这可能部分是由于数据的限制，也可能是由于ABR的持久性，一旦出现耐药性，这表明社会经济和传播因素在将ABR降低到理想水平方面发挥了重要作用。亮点-我们使用面板回归来探索丹麦动物ABU和人类ABR之间的联系- ABU与牛的ABR有关，并且可能在家禽和伴侣动物中-然而，动物ABU似乎不是人类ABR的主要决定因素-这可能是由于数据不足，或达到一定水平后ABR的持续性-动物ABU单独降低可能不足以抑制ABR
Antibiotic use (ABU) in animals is postulated to be a major contributor to selection of antibiotic resistance (ABR) which subsequently causes infections in human populations. However, there are few quantifications of the size of this association. Denmark, as a country with high levels of pig production and good surveillance data, is an ideal case study for exploring this association.In this paper, we compile a dataset on ABU across several animal species and antibiotic classes, and data on the rate of antibiotic resistance (ABR) in humans across key pathogens, in Denmark over time (2010 - 2020). We run panel data regressions (fixed effects, random effects, first difference and pooled ordinary least squares) to test the association between the level of ABR in human infections and the level of ABU in animals.Between ABR in humans and ABU in animal species, we find a positive relationship for cattle, some evidence of a positive relationship for poultry and companion animals, and a negative relationship for fish, although the latter is likely driven by confounding factors. When lagging ABU by one year, the effect of ABU in cattle and companion animals remained similar, the effect of ABU in poultry fell in size, and ABU in fish was no longer significant, perhaps due to differences in life cycle length among animal species. Additional covariates were explored, including pet populations, agricultural production and GDP per capita (at purchasing power parity), but these results were limited by the statistical power of the dataset. Under all models, animal ABU determined only a minority of the change in human ABR levels in this context with adjusted R2 ranging from 0.19 to 0.44.This paper supports the role of animal ABU in determining human ABR levels but suggests that, despite comprising a large portion of systemwide ABU, it only explains a minority of the variation. This is likely driven in part by data limitations, and could also be due to a persistence of ABR once resistance has emerged, suggesting a significant role for socioeconomic and transmission factors in bringing ABR down to desirable levels.Highlights- We use panel regression to explore the link between animal ABU and human ABR in Denmark- ABU was linked to ABR in cattle, and potentially in poultry and companion animals- However, animal ABU did not appear to be the main determinant of human ABR- This could be due to poor data, or persistence of ABR after reaching a certain level- Animal ABU reductions alone may be insufficient to curb ABR
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DOI：
--
发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
Z. McCaw;G. Yin;Lee
通讯作者：
Lee
影响因子：
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作者：
Obritsch, MD;Fish, DN;Jung, R
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Jung, R
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Zhang, Dandan;Cui, Youwen;Zhang, Xinping
通讯作者：
Zhang, Xinping
影响因子：
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Rahman, Sakib;Hollis, Aidan
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Hollis, Aidan