Rainfall in Iberian transnational basins: a drier future for the Douro, Tagus and Guadiana?

Rainfall in Iberian transnational basins: a drier future for the Douro, Tagus and Guadiana?
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伊比利亚跨国盆地降雨:杜罗河、塔霍河和瓜迪亚纳河的未来更加干燥?

DOI:
10.1007/s10584-015-1575-z
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发表时间:
2016
期刊:
影响因子:
4.8
通讯作者:
Guerreiro S
Guerreiro S
中科院分区:
环境科学与生态学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Guerreiro S

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在葡萄牙和西班牙,缺水都是至关重要的;因此,评估该地区未来降雨量的变化至关重要。我们分析了CMIP5气候模式对杜罗河、塔古斯河和瓜迪亚纳河跨国盆地的降雨预测,目的是评估未来对水资源的影响。使用了两种降尺度方法(变化因子和经验分位数图的变化)和两种分析未来降雨量变化的方法(30年周期和瞬时降雨量趋势的差异)。对于本世纪50年代,大多数模型预测所有月份的降雨量都会减少,这两种方法都是如此,但模型之间的差异很大。从1961年到2100年,几乎所有重要的季节性趋势都是负面的。对于年降雨量,只有3(2)个模型显示杜罗/塔古斯(瓜迪亚纳)没有明显的趋势,而其余的模型显示出负趋势,最高可达每十年−6%。几乎所有模型都预测了春季和秋季降雨量的减少,无论是缩小尺度的方法还是分析变化的两种方法。这增加了人们对旱季延长的预测的信心,旱季可能对该区域的农业、供水和森林火灾产生严重影响。气候模型对本世纪50年代未来降雨量变化预测的相当大一部分差异被证明是由于使用30年的间隔,从而得出结论,这种间隔太短,不能在伊比利亚半岛发现的高年际变率条件下使用。
Water scarcity is critical in both Portugal and Spain; therefore, assessing future changes in rainfall for this region is vital. We analyse rainfall projections from climate models in the CMIP5 ensemble for the transnational basins of the Douro, Tagus and Guadiana with the aim of estimating future impacts on water resources. Two downscaling methods (change factor and a variation of empirical quantile mapping) and two ways of analysing future rainfall changes (differences between 30 years periods and trends in transient rainfall) are used. For the 2050s, most models project a reduction in rainfall for all months and for both methods, but there is significant spread between models. Almost all significant seasonal trends identified from 1961 to 2100 are negative. For annual rainfall, only 3 (2) models show no significant trends for the Douro/Tagus (Guadiana), while the rest show negative trends up to −6 % per decade. Reductions in rainfall are projected for spring and autumn by almost all models, both downscaling methods and both ways of analysing changes. This increases the confidence in the projection of the lengthening of the dry season which could have serious impacts for agriculture, water supply and forest fires in the region. A considerable part of the climate model disagreement in the projection of future rainfall changes for the 2050s is shown to be due to the use of 30 year intervals, leading to the conclusion that such intervals are too short to be used under conditions of high inter-annual variability as found in the Iberian Peninsula.
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