Adaptation, Acclimation and Regulation in Algal Photosynthesis
Adaptation, Acclimation and Regulation in Algal Photosynthesis
复制标题
藻类光合作用的适应、驯化和调节
DOI：
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发表时间：
2003
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
R. Geider
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Raven;R. Geider
将藻类的光合作用过程与其环境联系起来，需要在几秒到几分钟（调节）、几小时到几天（适应）和长达数千万年（适应）的时间尺度上考虑这些反应。所有这些反应都是由遗传决定的，所谓的适应反映了遗传变化，这种变化将分类群从品系（生态型），即种下水平，直到部门（门）水平区分开来。尽管将这些遗传差异的形成归因于自然选择是很诱人的，但在较高分类学水平上的遗传差异应该与它们进化时的环境有关。遗传差异限制了藻类基因型对其直接环境的反应（即在单一世代期间）。以光合色素为例，每单位生物量的光合捕光色素-蛋白质复合物的含量，以及在它们发生的地方，能量耗散叶黄素循环色素的含量随着生长的光子通量密度而变化;捕光色素随着光的增加而减少，而叶黄素循环色素增加。不仅在这种适应的程度上，而且在适应发生的速度上，都有成本效益方面的考虑。调节涉及对预先存在的催化剂的变构或共价修饰，例如核酮糖二磷酸羧化酶-加氧酶、叶黄素循环色素和参与状态转换的色素-蛋白质复合物。还有很多工作要做，不仅要了解藻类的适应，驯化和调节，而且要了解这三个过程如何相互作用。
Relating the photosynthetic processes of algae to their environments requires that the responses are considered over time-scales of seconds to minutes (regulation), hours to days (acclimation) and up to thousands of millions of years (adaptation). All of these responses are genetically determined, with so-called adaptations reflecting genetic changes which distinguish taxa from the strain (ecotype), i.e. infraspecific level, up to the Division (Phylum) level. Tempting as it is to assign the establishment of these genetic differences to natural selection, the genetic differences at the higher taxonomic levels should be related to the environments at the time at which they evolved. Genetic differences limit the responses that algal genotypes can make to their immediate environment (i.e. during a single generation). Using photosynthetic pigments as an example, the content per unit biomass of photosynthetic light-harvesting pigment-protein complexes, and, where they occur, of the energy-dissipating xanthophyll cycle pigments change with the photon flux density for growth; light-harvesting pigments decrease with increasing light, while xanthophyll cycle pigments increase. There are cost-benefit considerations not only in the extent of such acclimation, but also of the rate at which acclimation occurs. Regulation involves allosteric or covalent modification of pre-existing catalysts, e.g. ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase-oxygenase, xanthophyll cycle pigments, and the pigment-protein complexes involved in state transitions. Much remains to be done to not only understand adaptation, acclimation and regulation in algae, but also to understand how the three processes interact.
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
White, O;Eisen, JA;Fraser, CM
通讯作者：
Fraser, CM