Phosphatidylserine receptors: enhancers of enveloped virus entry and infection.

Phosphatidylserine receptors: enhancers of enveloped virus entry and infection.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.virol.2014.09.009
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发表时间:
2014-11
期刊:
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
Maury, Wendy
Maury, Wendy
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Moller-Tank, Sven;Maury, Wendy

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许多 RNA 和 DNA 病毒都将其衣壳包裹在脂质双层中。最近人们认识到该包膜的优点之一是掺入了磷脂酰丝氨酸 (PtdSer)。 PtdSer 的表面暴露将病毒伪装成凋亡小体;欺骗细胞吞噬病毒颗粒。这种机制被称为细胞凋亡拟态。已鉴定出几种 PtdSer 受体可增强病毒进入,我们将这组蛋白质称为 PtdSer 介导的病毒进入增强受体或 PVEER。这些受体增强了一系列包膜病毒的进入。 PVEER 对病毒粒子的内化提供了广泛的进入机制,而病毒本身几乎不需要投入。 PVEER 可能允许某些病毒附着在细胞上,从而使病毒糖蛋白/细胞受体相互作用更有可能。或者,其他病毒可能完全依赖 PVEER 内化到核内体中。这篇综述概述了充当 PVEER 的 PtdSer 受体以及病毒粒子/PVEER 相互作用背后的生物学。磷脂酰丝氨酸 (PtdSer) 受体可以介导包膜病毒的进入。 PtdSer 存在于病毒体包膜的外层小叶上。 PtdSer 受体在多种原代细胞和细胞系上表达。定义了介导病毒进入的 PtdSer 受体的特征。
A variety of both RNA and DNA viruses envelop their capsids in a lipid bilayer. One of the more recently appreciated benefits this envelope is incorporation of phosphatidylserine (PtdSer). Surface exposure of PtdSer disguises viruses as apoptotic bodies; tricking cells into engulfing virions. This mechanism is termed apoptotic mimicry. Several PtdSer receptors have been identified to enhance virus entry and we have termed this group of proteins PtdSer-mediated virus entry enhancing receptors or PVEERs. These receptors enhance entry of a range of enveloped viruses. Internalization of virions by PVEERs provides a broad mechanism of entry with little investment by the virus itself. PVEERs may allow some viruses to attach to cells, thereby making viral glycoprotein/cellular receptor interactions more probable. Alternatively, other viruses may rely entirely on PVEERs for internalization into endosomes. This review provides an overview of PtdSer receptors that serve as PVEERs and the biology behind virion/PVEER interaction. Phosphatidylserine (PtdSer) receptors can mediate entry of enveloped viruses. PtdSer is present on the outer leaflet of the virion envelope. PtdSer receptors are expressed on a variety of primary cells and cell lines. Characteristics of PtdSer receptors that mediate virus entry are defined.
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