The Beginner's Guide to O-GlcNAc: From Nutrient Sensitive Pathway Regulation to Its Impact on the Immune System.
The Beginner's Guide to O-GlcNAc: From Nutrient Sensitive Pathway Regulation to Its Impact on the Immune System.
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DOI：
10.3389/fimmu.2022.828648
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
7.3
通讯作者：
Hart GW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mannino MP;Hart GW
在丝氨酸/苏氨酸残基的羟基上添加N-乙酰葡糖胺（GlcNAc）被称为O-GlcNAc酰化（OGN）。这种单糖在底物上和底物外的动态循环分别通过O-连接的β-N-乙酰葡糖胺转移酶（OGT）和O-连接的β-N-乙酰葡糖胺酶（OGA）发生。这些酶在真核生物中普遍存在，而ogt基因的基因敲除在胚胎小鼠中被发现是致命的。这些酶的底物范围很广，已经用O-GlcNAc鉴定了43个物种中超过15，000种蛋白质。已知OGN在几种细胞过程中发挥关键作用，例如：转录、翻译、细胞信号传导、营养感测、免疫细胞发育和细胞周期的各个步骤。然而，它的失调存在于各种疾病中：癌症，神经退行性疾病，糖尿病。O-GlcNAc通过调节彼此的循环酶或直接在相同底物上竞争添加而与其他翻译后修饰（PTM）（如磷酸化、乙酰化和泛素化）严重参与串扰。PTM之间的这种串扰可以影响基因表达、蛋白质定位和蛋白质稳定性;因此，调节多种细胞信号传导途径。在这篇综述中，将讨论OGN的作用。O-GlcNAc对蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用的影响，与其他PTM的各种形式的串扰，以及其作为营养传感器的作用将被强调。还将包括这些O-GlcNAc驱动过程如何影响免疫系统的总结。
The addition of N-acetyl glucosamine (GlcNAc) on the hydroxy group of serine/threonine residues is known as O-GlcNAcylation (OGN). The dynamic cycling of this monosaccharide on and off substrates occurs via O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine transferase (OGT) and O-linked β-N-acetylglucosaminase (OGA) respectively. These enzymes are found ubiquitously in eukaryotes and genetic knock outs of the ogt gene has been found to be lethal in embryonic mice. The substrate scope of these enzymes is vast, over 15,000 proteins across 43 species have been identified with O-GlcNAc. OGN has been known to play a key role in several cellular processes such as: transcription, translation, cell signaling, nutrient sensing, immune cell development and various steps of the cell cycle. However, its dysregulation is present in various diseases: cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes. O-GlcNAc is heavily involved in cross talk with other post-translational modifications (PTM), such as phosphorylation, acetylation, and ubiquitination, by regulating each other’s cycling enzymes or directly competing addition on the same substrate. This crosstalk between PTMs can affect gene expression, protein localization, and protein stability; therefore, regulating a multitude of cell signaling pathways. In this review the roles of OGN will be discussed. The effect O-GlcNAc exerts over protein-protein interactions, the various forms of crosstalk with other PTMs, and its role as a nutrient sensor will be highlighted. A summary of how these O-GlcNAc driven processes effect the immune system will also be included.
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影响因子：
11.4
作者：
Freund P;Kerenyi MA;Hager M;Wagner T;Wingelhofer B;Pham HTT;Elabd M;Han X;Valent P;Gouilleux F;Sexl V;Krämer OH;Groner B;Moriggl R
通讯作者：
Moriggl R
DOI：
10.1083/jcb.201501101
发表时间：
2015-03-30
期刊：
The Journal of cell biology
影响因子：
--
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Fujiki, Ryoji;Chikanishi, Toshihiro;Kato, Shigeaki
通讯作者：
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影响因子：
20.3
作者：
Doughty, Cheryl A.;Bleiman, Blair F.;Chiles, Thomas C.
通讯作者：
Chiles, Thomas C.