Dietary interventions as regulators of stem cell behavior in homeostasis and disease.
Dietary interventions as regulators of stem cell behavior in homeostasis and disease.
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DOI：
10.1101/gad.346973.120
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发表时间：
2021-02-01
影响因子：
10.5
通讯作者：
Fuchs E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Novak JSS;Baksh SC;Fuchs E
在这篇综述中，Novak等人。总结当前关于饮食变化如何影响干细胞行为的知识，并说明为什么不同的干预措施可以导致相似的干细胞表型。干细胞通过平衡自我更新和分化来维持组织。干细胞的局部微环境，或称生态位，会通知干细胞的行为，并在多个层面接受输入。越来越清楚的是，生物体的整体新陈代谢状态或代谢物本身可以作为生态位的组成部分来改变干细胞的命运。宏观的饮食干预，如卡路里限制、生酮饮食和高脂肪饮食，以不同的方式系统性地改变有机体的新陈代谢状态。然而，耐人寻味的是，他们都有增强自我更新的倾向。在这里，我们强调我们目前的知识，即饮食变化如何影响各种组织中的干细胞行为，并阐明为什么不同的干预措施可以导致相似的干细胞表型。通过这样做，我们希望启发新的途径，探讨新陈代谢在干细胞动态平衡和疾病中的重要性。
In this review, Novak et al. summarize the current knowledge on how dietary changes feed into stem cell behavior and illuminate possible explanations for why diverse interventions can result in similar stem cell phenotypes. Stem cells maintain tissues by balancing self-renewal with differentiation. A stem cell's local microenvironment, or niche, informs stem cell behavior and receives inputs at multiple levels. Increasingly, it is becoming clear that the overall metabolic status of an organism or metabolites themselves can function as integral members of the niche to alter stem cell fate. Macroscopic dietary interventions such as caloric restriction, the ketogenic diet, and a high-fat diet systemically alter an organism's metabolic state in different ways. Intriguingly, however, they all converge on a propensity to enhance self-renewal. Here, we highlight our current knowledge on how dietary changes feed into stem cell behavior across a wide variety of tissues and illuminate possible explanations for why diverse interventions can result in similar stem cell phenotypes. In so doing, we hope to inspire new avenues of inquiry into the importance of metabolism in stem cell homeostasis and disease.
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