Analgesic Mechanisms of Antidepressants for Neuropathic Pain.

Analgesic Mechanisms of Antidepressants for Neuropathic Pain.
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抗抑郁药治疗神经性疼痛的镇痛机制

DOI:
10.3390/ijms18112483
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发表时间:
2017-11-21
影响因子:
5.6
通讯作者:
Obata H
Obata H
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Obata H

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三环类抗抑郁药和血清素去甲肾上腺素再摄取抑制剂用于治疗慢性疼痛,如神经性疼痛。然而,为什么抗抑郁药对神经性疼痛的治疗有效,以及其作用的确切机制仍不清楚。这些抗抑郁药对神经性疼痛的抑制作用比其抗抑郁作用更快地表现出来,表明不同的作用模式。最近的神经病理性疼痛的动物模型的研究表明,去甲肾上腺素是非常重要的神经病理性疼痛的抑制。首先,通过再摄取抑制增加脊髓中的去甲肾上腺素,通过α2-肾上腺素能受体直接抑制神经性疼痛。第二,增加去甲肾上腺素作用于蓝斑,并改善受损的下行去甲肾上腺素能抑制系统的功能。5-羟色胺和多巴胺可增强去甲肾上腺素能作用,抑制神经病理性疼痛。本文主要根据神经病理性疼痛动物模型的实验研究结果,对抗抑郁药抑制神经病理性疼痛的机制进行综述。
Tricyclic antidepressants and serotonin noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors are used to treat chronic pain, such as neuropathic pain. Why antidepressants are effective for treatment of neuropathic pain and the precise mechanisms underlying their effects, however, remain unclear. The inhibitory effects of these antidepressants for neuropathic pain manifest more quickly than their antidepressive effects, suggesting different modes of action. Recent studies of animal models of neuropathic pain revealed that noradrenaline is extremely important for the inhibition of neuropathic pain. First, increasing noradrenaline in the spinal cord by reuptake inhibition directly inhibits neuropathic pain through α2-adrenergic receptors. Second, increasing noradrenaline acts on the locus coeruleus and improves the function of an impaired descending noradrenergic inhibitory system. Serotonin and dopamine may reinforce the noradrenergic effects to inhibit neuropathic pain. The mechanisms of neuropathic pain inhibition by antidepressants based mainly on experimental findings from animal models of neuropathic pain are discussed in this review.
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