Tall tales and fat tails: the science and economics of extreme warming

Tall tales and fat tails: the science and economics of extreme warming
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荒唐的故事和肥尾巴:极端变暖的科学和经济学

DOI:
10.1007/s10584-013-0911-4
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发表时间:
2013
期刊:
影响因子:
4.8
通讯作者:
Calel R
Calel R
中科院分区:
环境科学与生态学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Calel R

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最近有人强调,减缓气候变化的经济价值敏感地取决于极端变暖的微小可能性。这种见解是通过关注气候敏感性概率分布的肥大上尾而获得的。然而,虽然气候敏感性无疑是重要的,但最终重要的是短暂的温度变化。对瞬态温度变化的关注强调了气候敏感性与其他物理不确定性的相互作用,特别是有效热容。本文对气候减缓经济模型中的物理不确定性进行了概念分析,并对DICE模型进行了实证应用,该模型研究了气候敏感性不确定性与有效热容的相互作用。我们扩展了以往的结果,探索经济评价对气候敏感性分布尾部的敏感性,并证明了系统有效热容的不确定性也起着非常重要的作用。我们继续讨论经济和科学研究的互补途径,这些途径可能有助于更好地综合理解与快速变暖的世界相关的物理和经济过程。
It has recently been highlighted that the economic value of climate change mitigation depends sensitively on the slim possibility of extreme warming. This insight has been obtained through a focus on the fat upper tail of the climate sensitivity probability distribution. However, while climate sensitivity is undoubtedly important, what ultimately matters is transient temperature change. A focus on transient temperature change stresses the interplay of climate sensitivity with other physical uncertainties, notably effective heat capacity. In this paper we present a conceptual analysis of the physical uncertainties in economic models of climate mitigation, leading to an empirical application of the DICE model, which investigates the interaction of uncertainty in climate sensitivity and the effective heat capacity. We expand on previous results exploring the sensitivity of economic evaluations to the tail of the climate sensitivity distribution alone, and demonstrate that uncertainty about the system’s effective heat capacity also plays a very important role. We go on to discuss complementary avenues of economic and scientific research that may help provide a better combined understanding of the physical and economic processes associated with a rapidly warming world.
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