Field and laboratory metabolism and thermoregulation in rhinoceros auklets.
Field and laboratory metabolism and thermoregulation in rhinoceros auklets.
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作者：
Umeyama A;Niizuma Y;Shirai M
海鸟一生中的大部分时间都在海上度过，除了参观繁殖地。由于水的导热系数是空气的25倍，海鸟在水上休息时会失去热量，并消耗相当多的能量进行体温调节。例如，犀牛海雀（Cerorhinca monocerata），一种中等大小（480 - 620克）的海雀，大部分时间都漂浮在海上。为了估计这种行为的成本，在他们的日常能量消耗（DEE），我们研究了犀牛小海雀繁殖的Teuri岛，北海道日本。我们用呼吸法测定了它们在空气和水中的静息代谢率（RMR），并用双标记水法估算了它们的DEE。虽然水的RMR在10 C和15 C之间没有显著变化，但在5 C下显著更高。气温（5.020.0 ℃）对RMR无影响。自由放养的小海雀的DEE平均为1，005.5kJ/天（130.2，n=3）。我们的研究结果表明，RMR升高的小海雀在水中休息，特别是低于他们的低临界温度（LCT），在空气中相比。因此，在一年中的任何时候，在水上花费超过其LCT的时间将提供增强的益处，特别是对于在水上休息相当长时间的海鸟，如犀牛海雀。
Seabirds spend most of their lives at sea, except when visiting their breeding sites. Since the thermal conductivity of water is 25 times higher than that of air, seabirds resting on water lose heat and expend a considerable amount of energy for thermoregulation. For example, rhinoceros auklet (Cerorhinca monocerata), a medium-sized (480620 g) alcid, spends most of its time floating on the sea. In order to estimate the cost of this behavior in terms of their daily energy expenditure (DEE), we studied rhinoceros auklets breeding on Teuri Island, Hokkaido Japan. We measured their resting metabolic rate (RMR) in air and on water by respirometry, and estimated their DEE by the doubly labeled water method. While RMR on water did not vary significantly between 10C and 15C, it was significantly higher at 5C. Air temperature (5.020.0C) had no effect on RMR. The DEE of free-ranging auklets averaged 1,005.5kJday1 (130.2, n=3). Our results indicate that RMRs are elevated for auklets resting on water, particularly below their lower critical temperature (LCT), compared with in air. Accordingly, spending time above their LCT on water at any time of year will provide enhanced benefits, particularly to seabirds such as rhinoceros auklets which rest a considerable amount of time on water.
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影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Dunn RE;White CR;Green JA
通讯作者：
Green JA
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Daunt, F;Benvenuti, S;Wanless, S
通讯作者：
Wanless, S
DOI：
10.1007/bf00691000
发表时间：
1988-01-01
影响因子：
2
作者：
GABRIELSEN, GW;MEHLUM, F;KARLSEN, HE
通讯作者：
KARLSEN, HE
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
Johansen, K.;Bech, C.
通讯作者：
Bech, C.
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Koteja, P
通讯作者：
Koteja, P