Aspects of growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-I related to neuroprotection, regeneration, and functional plasticity in the adult brain.
Aspects of growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-I related to neuroprotection, regeneration, and functional plasticity in the adult brain.
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DOI：
10.1100/tsw.2006.22
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发表时间：
2006-01-18
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Isgaard J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aberg ND;Brywe KG;Isgaard J
除了调节体细胞生长和代谢过程外，越来越多的证据表明生长激素（GH）/胰岛素样生长因子-I（IGF-I）轴还参与大脑生长、发育和髓鞘形成的调节。此外，GH 和 IGF-I 都会影响成人大脑的认知和生物化学。 GH 的一些影响可归因于循环中的 IGF-I，而另一些则可能是由于大脑局部产生的 IGF-I。 GH 和 IGF-I 的一些共同作用也可以通过 GH 和 IGF-I 转导途径之间的串扰来解释，如其他细胞系统的最新数据所示。另外，GH 似乎也可以直接发挥作用，而不涉及 IGF-I（无论是循环的还是局部的）。中枢神经系统（CNS）的可塑性可以被视为主要细胞类型、神经元、星形胶质细胞和少突胶质细胞之间功能相互作用的变化。 GH 和 IGF-I 以多种方式影响所有这三种细胞类型。除了在不同的中枢神经系统损伤实验模型中发现的 GH 和 IGF-I 的神经保护作用外，IGF-I 还被发现可以增加海马齿状回中的祖细胞增殖和新神经元、少突胶质细胞和血管。看来 MAPK 信号通路是 IGF-I 刺激的体外增殖所必需的，而 PI3K/Akt 或 MAPK/Erk 信号通路似乎介导抗凋亡作用。内皮细胞表型上 IGF-I 的增加可以解释 GH 治疗后观察到的脑小动脉密度的增加。 GH 和 IGF-I 在成人大脑中的功能作用将参考神经递质、葡萄糖代谢、脑血流量、间隙连接通讯、树突状树枝化、运动、丰富的环境、抑郁、学习、记忆和衰老来回顾。简而言之，这些发现表明 IGF-I 在成人 CNS 中充当假定的再生剂。迄今为止，在这些方面的研究较少，GH 可能具有类似的作用，特别是因为它是体内 IGF-I 的主要调节剂。 GH 治疗的一些积极认知特征可能归因于本文回顾的机制。
Apart from regulating somatic growth and metabolic processes, accumulating evidence suggests that the growth hormone (GH)/insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) axis is involved in the regulation of brain growth, development, and myelination. In addition, both GH and IGF-I affect cognition and biochemistry in the adult brain. Some of the effects of GH are attributable to circulating IGF-I, while others may be due to IGF-I produced locally within the brain. Some of the shared effects in common to GH and IGF-I may also be explained by cross-talk between the GH and IGF-I transduction pathways, as indicated by recent data from other cell systems. Otherwise, it also seems that GH may act directly without involving IGF-I (either circulating or locally). Plasticity in the central nervous system (CNS) may be viewed as changes in the functional interplay between the major cell types, neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes. GH and IGF-I affect all three of these cell types in several ways. Apart from the neuroprotective effects of GH and IGF-I posited in different experimental models of CNS injury, IGF-I has been found to increase progenitor cell proliferation and new neurons, oligodendrocytes, and blood vessels in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. It appears that the MAPK signaling pathway is required for IGF-I—stimulated proliferation in vitro, whereas the PI3K/Akt or MAPK/Erk signaling pathway appears to mediate antiapoptotic effects. The increase of IGF-I on endothelial cell phenotype may explain the increase in cerebral arteriole density observed after GH treatment. The functional role of GH and IGF-I in the adult brain will be reviewed with reference to neurotransmitters, glucose metabolism, cerebral blood flow, gap junctional communication, dendritic arborization, exercise, enriched environment, depression, learning, memory, and aging.Briefly, these findings suggest that IGF-I functions as a putative regenerative agent in the adult CNS. Hitherto less studied regarding in these aspects, GH may have similar effects, especially as it is the main regulator of IGF-I in vivo. Some of the positive cognitive features of GH treatment are likely attributable to the mechanisms reviewed here.
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影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Adlard, PA;Perreau, VM;Cotman, CW
通讯作者：
Cotman, CW
影响因子：
7.6
作者：
Banasr, M;Hery, M;Daszuta, A
通讯作者：
Daszuta, A
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.91.23.11217
发表时间：
1994-11-08
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
BARNEA, A;NOTTEBOHM, F
通讯作者：
NOTTEBOHM, F
DOI：
10.1016/s0169-328x(98)00122-3
发表时间：
1998-08-31
期刊：
MOLECULAR BRAIN RESEARCH
影响因子：
--
作者：
Beilharz, EJ;Russo, VC;Scheepens, A
通讯作者：
Scheepens, A
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Åberg, ND;Blomstrand, F;Eriksson, PS
通讯作者：
Eriksson, PS