The effects of chemical composition and distribution on the preservation of phytolith morphology
The effects of chemical composition and distribution on the preservation of phytolith morphology
复制标题
化学成分和分布对植硅体形态保存的影响
DOI：
10.1007/s00339-013-7616-4
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发表时间：
2014-02
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Changsui Wang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yan Wu;Yiminyang;Huawang;Changsui Wang
不同类型的植硅体即使来自同一种植物，对高温的反应方式也不同。为了了解植硅体在加热时的行为，我们利用扫描电子显微镜-能谱仪和同步辐射μ-X-射线荧光技术研究了不同类型植硅体中某些元素的组成和分布。通过对稻壳、稻叶和红树叶中植硅体的分析，发现不同类型植硅体中金属氧化物的组成和分布有很大的差异。众所周知，在玻璃生产中，使用金属氧化物作为助熔剂来降低二氧化硅的熔化温度，不同的金属氧化物可以生产出具有不同特性的各种玻璃。同样，在高温下，植硅体中的钾、镁、钙等金属元素也应该起到助熔剂的作用，这些金属元素在植硅体中的不同组成和分布导致了对加热的不同反应。综上所述，植硅体中的助熔剂元素组成与植硅体变形的温度呈负相关；此外，钾和钙在水稻叶片植硅体中的分布几乎是均匀的，这可能导致植硅体的形状变形均匀。相比之下，茶树叶植硅体中钾和钙的含量较高，仅分布在外部，这可能解释了茶树叶植硅体变形首先发生在外部的原因。
Different types of phytolith even when coming from the same plant react to high temperatures in different ways. To understand the behavior of phytoliths upon heating, we examined composition and distribution of some elements within different phytolith types using SEM-EDS and synchrotron radiation μ-X-ray fluorescence. By analyzing phytoliths from rice husk, rice leaf andThantree leaf, we find that the compositions and distributions of metal oxides within different phytolith types are quite different. It is well known that metal oxides have been used as fluxing agent to reduce the melting temperature of SiO2in the production of glass, and different metal oxides can be used to produce a variety of glass with diverse features. Similarly, metal elements including potassium, magnesium and calcium in phytoliths should also act as a fluxing agent under high temperature, and the differential compositions and distributions of these metal elements within the phytoliths resulted in the variable reaction to heating. In sum, there is a negative relationship between the flux elements composition in phytoliths, and the temperatures at which phytoliths deform; furthermore, potassium and calcium in the rice leaf phytolith are almost evenly distributed in all parts, which may cause the phytolith’s shape to deform evenly. In comparison,Thantree leaf phytolith is found to have a high percentage of potassium and calcium located exclusively on the outside, which may explain why the deformation ofThantree leaf phytolith occurs firstly at the outside.
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影响因子：
2.8
作者：
R. Shahack‐Gross;F. Marshall;S. Weiner
通讯作者：
R. Shahack‐Gross;F. Marshall;S. Weiner
DOI：
10.1007/978-1-4899-1155-1_13
发表时间：
1992
期刊：
--
影响因子：
--
作者：
I. Rovner;J. Russ
通讯作者：
I. Rovner;J. Russ
DOI：
10.5860/choice.44-0942
发表时间：
2006-01
期刊：
--
影响因子：
--
作者：
D. Piperno
通讯作者：
D. Piperno
影响因子：
2.3
作者：
KELLY, EF;AMUNDSON, RG;DENIRO, MJ
通讯作者：
DENIRO, MJ
DOI：
10.1201/noe9058093455
发表时间：
2001
期刊：
--
影响因子：
--
作者：
J. Meunier;F. Colin
通讯作者：
J. Meunier;F. Colin