Functional precision oncology: Testing tumors with drugs to identify vulnerabilities and novel combinations.

Functional precision oncology: Testing tumors with drugs to identify vulnerabilities and novel combinations.
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功能性精准肿瘤学:用药物测试肿瘤,以识别脆弱性和新型组合。

DOI:
10.1016/j.ccell.2021.12.004
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发表时间:
2022-01-10
期刊:
影响因子:
50.3
通讯作者:
Welm AL
Welm AL
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Letai A;Bhola P;Welm AL

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功能性精准医学是一种策略,其中活的患者肿瘤细胞直接与药物干扰,以提供可立即翻译的个性化信息来指导患者治疗。人类癌症的异质性使人们认识到需要个性化的方法来改善治疗结果。精确肿瘤学传统上使用肿瘤的静态特征来决定应该使用哪种疗法。静态特征可以包括关键靶标的表达或突变的基因组分析以鉴定治疗上可靶向的“驱动因子”。虽然只有一小部分患者从静态方法中获得临床益处,但功能性精准医学可以提供有关肿瘤脆弱性的额外信息。我们讨论了功能性精准医学的新兴技术,以及在临床试验中使用这些检测方法的局限性和挑战,这些试验对于确定功能性精准医学是否可以改善患者预后并最终成为临床肿瘤学的标准工具是必要的。
Functional precision medicine is a strategy in which live patient tumor cells are directly perturbed with drugs to provide immediately translatable, personalized information to guide patient therapy. The heterogeneity of human cancer has led to the realization that personalized approaches are needed to improve treatment outcomes. Precision oncology has traditionally used static features of the tumor to dictate which therapies should be used. Static features can include expression of key targets or genomic analysis of mutations to identify therapeutically-targetable “drivers.” While a surprisingly small proportion of patients receive clinical benefit from the static approach, functional precision medicine can provide additional information on tumor vulnerabilities. We discuss emerging technologies for functional precision medicine, as well as limitations and challenges to using these assays in the clinical trials that will be necessary to determine if functional precision medicine can improve patient outcomes and eventually become a standard tool in clinical oncology.
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