Microbial Biotransformation Products and Pathways of Dichloroacetamide Herbicide Safeners.
Microbial Biotransformation Products and Pathways of Dichloroacetamide Herbicide Safeners.
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二氯乙酰胺类除草剂安全剂的微生物生物转化产物及途径
DOI：
10.1021/acs.estlett.2c00862
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发表时间：
2023-01-10
影响因子：
10.9
通讯作者：
LeFevre, Gregory H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McFadden, Monica E.;Reber, Keith P.;Sivey, John D.;Cwiertny, David M.;LeFevre, Gregory H.
关键词：
二氯乙酰胺安全剂是商业除草剂制剂中的常见成分。我们以前调查的环境命运的二氯乙酰胺通过光解和水解，但其他潜在的重要的，环境相关的命运过程仍然没有得到表征，并可能产生的产品的关注。在这里，我们研究了微生物生物转化的两个二氯乙酰胺安全剂，解草醚和dichlormid，以确定产品和阐明途径。使用好氧微生物接种河流沉积物，我们证明了微生物生物转化的苯恶草胺和敌百虫进行主要，如果不是完全，通过彗星。解草唑通过水解和微生物生物转化过程转化;在大多数情况下，生物转化速率比水解速率快。我们确定了多个新的产品，苯恶唑和dichlormid以前没有观察到的微生物过程中，与几个产品类似的结构相关的氯乙酰胺除草剂的报道，从而表明潜在的保守的生物转化机制在这两个化学类别。观察到的产品包括单氯化物，如禁用的除草剂CDAA（来自dichlormid），谷胱甘肽结合物和含硫物质。我们提出了一种转化途径，其中解草醚和敌菌胺首先脱氯，可能通过微生物水解，随后与谷胱甘肽结合。这是第一个研究报告的生物脱氯二氯乙酰胺产生一氯产品在有氧环境中。
Dichloroacetamide safeners are common ingredients in commercial herbicide formulations. We previously investigated the environmental fate of dichloroacetamides via photolysis and hydrolysis, but other potentially important, environmentally relevant fate processes remain uncharacterized and may yield products of concern. Here, we examined microbial biotransformation of two dichloroacetamide safeners, benoxacor and dichlormid, to identify products and elucidate pathways. Using aerobic microcosms inoculated with river sediment, we demonstrated that microbial biotransformations of benoxacor and dichlormid proceed primarily, if not exclusively, via cometabolism. Benoxacor was transformed by both hydrolysis and microbial biotransformation processes; in most cases, biotransformation rates were faster than hydrolysis rates. We identified multiple novel products of benoxacor and dichlormid not previously observed for microbial processes, with several products similar to those reported for structurally related chloroacetamide herbicides, thus indicating potential for conserved biotransformation mechanisms across both chemical classes. Observed products include monochlorinated species such as the banned herbicide CDAA (from dichlormid), glutathione conjugates, and sulfur-containing species. We propose a transformation pathway wherein benoxacor and dichlormid are first dechlorinated, likely via microbial hydrolysis, and subsequently conjugated with glutathione. This is the first study reporting biological dechlorination of dichloroacetamides to yield monochlorinated products in aerobic environments.
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DOI：
10.1007/s002449900392
发表时间：
1998-10-01
影响因子：
4
作者：
Kolpin, DW;Thurman, EM;Linhart, SM
通讯作者：
Linhart, SM
影响因子：
8.3
作者：
Liu, Junwei;Bao, Yixuan;He, Jian
通讯作者：
He, Jian
影响因子：
6.9
作者：
Acharya, Saraswati Poudel;Johnson, Jacob;Weidhaas, Jennifer
通讯作者：
Weidhaas, Jennifer
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
FENG, PCC
通讯作者：
FENG, PCC
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
NOVICK, NJ;ALEXANDER, M
通讯作者：
ALEXANDER, M