Vertical anisotropy in lightness perception not caused by lighting assumption
Vertical anisotropy in lightness perception not caused by lighting assumption
复制标题
亮度感知中的垂直各向异性不是由照明假设引起的
DOI：
10.1016/j.visres.2023.108193
复制
发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kobayashi;Y. & Morikawa;K.
我们最近的研究发现了一种错觉效应，即向上的灰色面板的图像比其180度旋转的图像看起来更暗。我们将这种反转效应归因于观察者隐含的假设，即来自上方的光比来自下方的光更强。本文旨在探讨低水平的视觉各向异性是否也对这一效应有贡献。在实验1中，我们研究了即使在位置、对比极性和边缘的存在被操纵的情况下，是否也能观察到这种效果。在实验2和实验3中，使用不包含深度线索的刺激进一步检验了这种效果。实验4证实了使用更简单配置的刺激的效果。所有实验的结果都表明，即使没有深度方向信息，目标上方较亮的边缘也会使其看起来更亮，这表明即使没有深度方向信息，低水平的各向异性也会导致反转效果。然而，目标上方较暗的边缘会产生不明确的结果。我们推测，目标的感知亮度可能受到两种垂直各向异性的影响，一种依赖于对比度极性，另一种与对比度极性无关。此外，结果还复制了之前的发现，即照明假设有助于感知到的亮度。总体而言，本研究表明，低水平垂直各向异性和中等水平照明假设都会影响亮度。
Our recent study found an illusory effect whereby an image of an upward-facing gray panel appears darker than its 180-degree rotated image. We attributed this inversion effect to the observer’s implicit assumption that light from above is more intense than light from below. This paper aims to explore the possibility that low-level visual anisotropy also contributes to the effect. In Experiment 1, we investigated whether the effect could be observed even when the position, the contrast polarity, and the existence of the edge were manipulated. In Experiments 2 and 3, the effect was further examined using stimuli that contained no depth cues. Experiment 4 confirmed the effect using stimuli of even simpler configuration. The results of all the experiments demonstrated that brighter edges on the upper side of the target make it appear lighter, indicating that low-level anisotropy contributes to the inversion effect, even without depth orientation information. However, darker edges on the upper side of the target produced ambiguous results. We speculate that the perceived lightness of the target might be affected by two kinds of vertical anisotropy, one of which is dependent on contrast polarity while the other is independent of it. Moreover, the results also replicated the previous finding that the lighting assumption contributes to perceived lightness. Overall, the present study demonstrates that both low-level vertical anisotropy and mid-level lighting assumption influence lightness.
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