The Influence of Temperature on Chytridiomycosis In Vivo
The Influence of Temperature on Chytridiomycosis In Vivo
复制标题
温度对体内壶菌病的影响
作者：
Julia Sonn;S. Berman;C. Richards‐Zawacki
摘要壶菌病是一种由真菌病原体 Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) 引起的两栖动物疾病，由于宿主和病原体都是变温的，因此是研究温度对宿主-病原体关系影响的理想系统。对培养物中 Bd 的研究表明，最佳生长温度为 17 至 23°C，真菌死亡发生在 29°C 以上或 0°C 以下。然而，两栖动物的免疫系统也依赖于温度，并且通常在较高的温度下更有效。因此，我们假设接触 Bd 的青蛙的病原体载量、感染概率和死亡率将在比 Bd 体外生长最佳温度更低的温度下达到峰值。为了测试这一点，我们进行了一项研究，将 Bd 暴露和假暴露的北方蟋蟀蛙 (Acris crepitans) 在 11 至 26°C 之间的六个温度下孵化。虽然感染概率在不同温度下没有差异，但病原体载量和死亡率与温度成反比。受感染宿主的存活率在 20°C 至 26°C 之间是最佳的，此时 Bd 在培养物中生长良好。
这些结果表明，病原体在培养物中生长最佳的条件并不一定反映致病性模式，这是预测这种病原体和其他野生动物病原体威胁的重要考虑因素。
AbstractChytridiomycosis, an amphibian disease caused by the fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), is an ideal system for studying the influence of temperature on host–pathogen relationships because both host and pathogen are ectothermic. Studies of Bd in culture suggest that optimal growth occurs between 17 and 23°C, and death of the fungus occurs above 29 or below 0°C. Amphibian immune systems, however, are also temperature dependent and often more effective at higher temperatures. We therefore hypothesized that pathogen load, probability of infection and mortality in Bd-exposed frogs would peak at a lower temperature than that at which Bd grows best in vitro. To test this, we conducted a study where Bd- and sham-exposed Northern cricket frogs (Acris crepitans) were incubated at six temperatures between 11 and 26°C. While probability of infection did not differ across temperatures, pathogen load and mortality were inversely related to temperature. Survival of infected hosts was greatest between 20 and 26°C, temperatures where Bd grows well in culture.
These results demonstrate that the conditions under which a pathogen grows best in culture do not necessarily reflect patterns of pathogenicity, an important consideration for predicting the threat of this and other wildlife pathogens.
影响因子：
8.8
作者：
Cohen, Jeremy M.;Venesky, Matthew D.;Rohr, Jason R.
通讯作者：
Rohr, Jason R.