Inhibition in discriminated operant learning: Tests of response-specificity after feature-negative and extinction learning.
Inhibition in discriminated operant learning: Tests of response-specificity after feature-negative and extinction learning.
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DOI：
10.1037/xan0000337
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发表时间：
2022-10
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
Bouton, Mark E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Steinfeld, Michael R.;Bouton, Mark E.
对大鼠的六个实验检验了在操作特征--否定(FN)辨别中习得的抑制的性质。先前研究工具消退而不是FN学习的实验结果表明，抑制可能对被抑制的反应非常特异。在实验1中，我们在独立但平行的特征-负辨别(Ar1+、Abr1−、Cr2+、CDR2−)中训练杠杆-压力和链-拉动反应，然后用这两种反应测试两种抑制剂(B和D)。主要感兴趣的是抑制剂对他们训练的反应(相同反应抑制)与另一反应(交叉反应抑制)的抑制程度。我们发现交叉反应抑制是稳健的，本质上等同于同反应抑制。实验2重复了这一结果，并证实FN学习后的抑制作用强于差异抑制程序(Ar1+、Br1−、Cr2+、Dr2−)。也几乎没有证据表明交叉反应抑制是由于明显的竞争反应。实验3发现，交叉反应抑制并不依赖于两种反应被共同的结果强化。实验4和实验5随后发现，交叉反应抑制在很大程度上(尽管不完全)依赖于转移目标反应，这些反应已经在其自身的FN辨别中进行了训练。然而，实验6发现，工具消亡后的抑制(与FN学习相反)仍然是高度反应特异性的，当被转移到的反应已经被训练成FN辨别时。总体结果表明，工具性消退和FN学习的抑制特征不同，FN抑制在反应间的转移至少部分依赖于目标反应先前的“抑制能力”。
Six experiments with rats examined the nature of inhibition learned in an operant feature-negative (FN) discrimination. The results of prior experiments that examined instrumental extinction rather than FN learning suggest that inhibition can be very specific to the inhibited response. In Experiment 1, we trained lever-press and chain-pull responses in separate but parallel feature-negative discriminations (AR1+, ABR1−, CR2+, CDR2−) and then tested both inhibitors (B and D) with both responses. Of primary interest was the extent to which the inhibitors suppressed the response they were trained with (same-response inhibition) versus the other response (cross-response inhibition). We found that cross-response inhibition was robust and essentially equal to same-response inhibition. Experiment 2 replicated this result and confirmed stronger inhibition after FN learning than after a differential inhibition procedure (AR1+, BR1−, CR2+, DR2−). There was also little evidence that cross-response inhibition was due to a demonstrable competing response. Experiment 3 found that cross-response inhibition did not depend on having the two responses reinforced by a common outcome. Experiments 4 and 5 then found that cross-response inhibition depended substantially (though not completely) on the transfer target response having been trained in its own FN discrimination. However, Experiment 6 found that inhibition after instrumental extinction (as opposed to FN learning) was still highly response-specific when the transferred-to response had been trained in an FN discrimination. The overall results suggest that the characteristics of inhibition in instrumental extinction and FN learning differ and that transfer of FN inhibition across responses depends at least partly on previous “inhibitability” of the target response.
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DOI：
10.1037/0097-7403.17.3.231
发表时间：
1991-07-01
期刊：
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY-ANIMAL BEHAVIOR PROCESSES
影响因子：
--
作者：
HOLLAND, PC
通讯作者：
HOLLAND, PC
DOI：
10.1037/0097-7403.10.4.461
发表时间：
1984-01-01
期刊：
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY-ANIMAL BEHAVIORAL PROCESSES
影响因子：
--
作者：
HOLLAND, PC
通讯作者：
HOLLAND, PC
DOI：
10.3758/bf03205241
发表时间：
1990-02-01
期刊：
ANIMAL LEARNING & BEHAVIOR
影响因子：
--
作者：
COLWILL, RM;RESCORLA, RA
通讯作者：
RESCORLA, RA
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Cheng, PW
通讯作者：
Cheng, PW
DOI：
10.1037/0097-7403.1.1.3
发表时间：
1975-01-01
期刊：
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY-ANIMAL BEHAVIORAL PROCESSES
影响因子：
--
作者：
BLOUGH, DS
通讯作者：
BLOUGH, DS