Visualizing one-dimensional diffusion of eukaryotic DNA repair factors along a chromatin lattice.

Visualizing one-dimensional diffusion of eukaryotic DNA repair factors along a chromatin lattice.
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DOI:
10.1038/nsmb.1858
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发表时间:
2010-08
影响因子:
16.8
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
生物学1区
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--
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DNA结合蛋白使用促进扩散来调查基因组中的目标,这通常包括用于采样局部区域的一维(1D)扫描组件。真核蛋白质必须在穿过染色质时完成这一任务。然而,目前尚不清楚核小体是否扰乱了一维扫描,或者真核DNA结合因子是否可以绕过核小体而不从DNA上脱落。在这里,我们使用单分子显微镜与纳米级的DNA幕相结合,以表明复制后错配修复蛋白复合体MLH1-Pms1通过跳跃/步进机制沿DNA在1D中扩散,并很容易绕过核小体。这是第一次实验证明被动扩散的蛋白质可以穿越静止的障碍物。相比之下,错配修复蛋白复合体Msh2-MSH6在与DNA保持持续接触的同时滑动,在遇到核小体时会经历一个边界。这些差异揭示了影响DNA结合蛋白核内运输的重要机制限制。
DNA-binding proteins survey genomes for targets using facilitated diffusion, which typically includes a one-dimensional (1D) scanning component for sampling local regions. Eukaryotic proteins must accomplish this task while navigating through chromatin. Yet it is unknown whether nucleosomes disrupt 1D scanning or eukaryotic DNA-binding factors can circumnavigate nucleosomes without falling off DNA. Here we use single-molecule microscopy in conjunction with nanofabricated curtains of DNA to show that the postreplicative mismatch repair protein complex Mlh1–Pms1 diffuses in 1D along DNA via a hopping/stepping mechanism and readily bypasses nucleosomes. This is the first experimental demonstration that a passively diffusing protein can traverse stationary obstacles. In contrast, Msh2–Msh6, a mismatch repair protein complex that slides while maintaining continuous contact with DNA, experiences a boundary upon encountering nucleosomes. These differences reveal important mechanistic constraints affecting intranuclear trafficking of DNA-binding proteins.
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