Operating Nanobeams in a Quantum Fluid.

Operating Nanobeams in a Quantum Fluid.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41598-017-04842-y
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发表时间:
2017-07-07
期刊:
影响因子:
4.6
通讯作者:
Zmeev DE
Zmeev DE
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Bradley DI;George R;Guénault AM;Haley RP;Kafanov S;Noble MT;Pashkin YA;Pickett GR;Poole M;Prance JR;Sarsby M;Schanen R;Tsepelin V;Wilcox T;Zmeev DE

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微机电(MEMS)和纳机电系统(NEMS)是探索量子流体的理想候选者,因为它们可以重复制造,覆盖从数百千赫兹到千兆赫兹的频率范围,并且通常具有非常低的功耗。它们的小尺寸提供了在与相干长度相当或低于相干长度的尺度上探测超流体的可能性。也就是说,迄今为止还没有成功的测量NEMS谐振器在液相氦。在这里,我们报告的操作双钳位铝纳米梁在超流4He在温度跨越超流过渡。该装置被证明是非常敏感的超流体密度和正常的流体阻尼的检测器。然而,这项工作的另一个非常重要的成果是,现在我们已经证明这些设备可以在超流4He中成功运行,可以直接将它们应用于超流3He,它可以常规冷却到100 μK以下。这使我们进入了这样一种状态,在这种状态下,以几MHz频率工作的纳米机械设备可以进入它们的机械量子基态。
Microelectromechanical (MEMS) and nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) are ideal candidates for exploring quantum fluids, since they can be manufactured reproducibly, cover the frequency range from hundreds of kilohertz up to gigahertz and usually have very low power dissipation. Their small size offers the possibility of probing the superfluid on scales comparable to, and below, the coherence length. That said, there have been hitherto no successful measurements of NEMS resonators in the liquid phases of helium. Here we report the operation of doubly-clamped aluminium nanobeams in superfluid 4He at temperatures spanning the superfluid transition. The devices are shown to be very sensitive detectors of the superfluid density and the normal fluid damping. However, a further and very important outcome of this work is the knowledge that now we have demonstrated that these devices can be successfully operated in superfluid 4He, it is straightforward to apply them in superfluid 3He which can be routinely cooled to below 100 μK. This brings us into the regime where nanomechanical devices operating at a few MHz frequencies may enter their mechanical quantum ground state.
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