Machine Learning and Clinical Informatics for Improving HIV Care Continuum Outcomes.

Machine Learning and Clinical Informatics for Improving HIV Care Continuum Outcomes.
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机器学习和临床信息学用于改善HIV护理连续性结果。

DOI:
10.1007/s11904-021-00552-3
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发表时间:
2021-06
影响因子:
4.6
通讯作者:
Mayampurath A
Mayampurath A
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ridgway JP;Lee A;Devlin S;Kerman J;Mayampurath A

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这份手稿回顾了电子病历(EMR)数据在艾滋病毒护理和研究中的使用,特别关注机器学习方法和临床信息学干预。基于电子病历的临床决策支持工具和电子警报已被有效地用于改善艾滋病毒护理连续结果。已经开发了基于EMR的准确的机器学习模型来预测艾滋病毒的诊断、护理中的保留和病毒抑制。临床记录的自然语言处理(NLP)以及医疗保健系统和公共卫生机构之间的数据共享可以增强识别未诊断或需要重新联系到护理的艾滋病毒携带者的模型。与使用这些技术相关的挑战包括不一致的EMR文档、警觉疲劳和潜在的偏见。临床信息学和机器学习模型是改善艾滋病毒护理连续结果的有前途的工具。未来的研究应侧重于将EMR数据与其他数据源(如社交媒体、地理空间数据)相结合的方法,并研究如何将艾滋病毒护理的预测模型有效地应用于临床实践。
This manuscript reviews the use of electronic medical record (EMR) data for HIV care and research along the HIV care continuum with a specific focus on machine learning methods and clinical informatics interventions. EMR-based clinical decision support tools and electronic alerts have been effectively utilized to improve HIV care continuum outcomes. Accurate EMR-based machine learning models have been developed to predict HIV diagnosis, retention in care, and viral suppression. Natural language processing (NLP) of clinical notes and data sharing between healthcare systems and public health agencies can enhance models for identifying people living with HIV who are undiagnosed or in need of relinkage to care. Challenges related to using these technologies include inconsistent EMR documentation, alert fatigue, and the potential for bias. Clinical informatics and machine learning models are promising tools for improving HIV care continuum outcomes. Future research should focus on methods for combining EMR data with additional data sources (e.g., social media, geospatial data) and studying how to effectively implement predictive models for HIV care into clinical practice.
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