Chimpanzees and humans mimic pupil-size of conspecifics.
Chimpanzees and humans mimic pupil-size of conspecifics.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0104886
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Matsuzawa T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kret ME;Tomonaga M;Matsuzawa T
群体生活通常会给个体群体成员带来好处，但也会带来成本。为了避免怀疑和背叛，并允许信任和合作，个人必须理解其群体成员的意图和情绪。人类关注他人的眼睛，并从凝视和瞳孔大小的线索中推断出被观察者的心理状态。在人类中，瞳孔的大小往往与观察到的相似。在这里，我们测试了我们的近亲--黑猩猩(P.trogldytes)是否存在瞳孔模仿现象。我们推测，如果瞳孔模仿具有适应价值，例如促进内部状态的快速交流，促进共同的理解和协调，那么瞳孔模仿应该出现在物种内部，而不是跨物种。瞳孔测量数据是从人类和黑猩猩的受试者身上收集的，当时他们观察了这两个物种的眼睛的图像，这些图像的瞳孔扩张/收缩。这两个物种都表现出增强了对自己物种成员的瞳孔模仿，对人类和黑猩猩母亲的影响最强。瞳孔模仿可能根深蒂固，但可能是在人类进化过程中眼睛的形态变得更加突出的时候变得重要起来的。人类围绕虹膜的白色巩膜和眼睛周围的精细肌肉有助于通过眼睛信号进行非语言交流。
Group-living typically provides benefits to individual group members but also confers costs. To avoid incredulity and betrayal and allow trust and cooperation, individuals must understand the intentions and emotions of their group members. Humans attend to other's eyes and from gaze and pupil-size cues, infer information about the state of mind of the observed. In humans, pupil-size tends to mimic that of the observed. Here we tested whether pupil-mimicry exists in our closest relative, the chimpanzee (P. troglodytes). We conjectured that if pupil-mimicry has adaptive value, e.g. to promote swift communication of inner states and facilitate shared understanding and coordination, pupil-mimicry should emerge within but not across species. Pupillometry data was collected from human and chimpanzee subjects while they observed images of the eyes of both species with dilating/constricting pupils. Both species showed enhanced pupil-mimicry with members of their own species, with effects being strongest in humans and chimpanzee mothers. Pupil-mimicry may be deeply-rooted, but probably gained importance from the point in human evolution where the morphology of our eyes became more prominent. Humans' white sclera surrounding the iris, and the fine muscles around their eyes facilitate non-verbal communication via eye signals.
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影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Bagiella, E;Sloan, RP;Heitjan, DF
通讯作者：
Heitjan, DF
DOI：
10.3758/cabn.10.2.252
发表时间：
2010-05
期刊：
Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience
影响因子：
--
作者：
Gilzenrat MS;Nieuwenhuis S;Jepma M;Cohen JD
通讯作者：
Cohen JD
DOI：
10.1098/rsbl.2004.0224
发表时间：
2004-12-07
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
Anderson, JR;Myowa-Yamakoshi, M;Matsuzawa, T
通讯作者：
Matsuzawa, T
影响因子：
19.9
作者：
Hasson, Uri;Ghazanfar, Asif A.;Galantucci, Bruno;Garrod, Simon;Keysers, Christian
通讯作者：
Keysers, Christian
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
HESS, EH;POLT, JM
通讯作者：
POLT, JM