The Critical Role of a Backing Material in Assessing the Performance of Soft Ballistic Protection
The Critical Role of a Backing Material in Assessing the Performance of Soft Ballistic Protection
复制标题
背衬材料在评估软弹道防护性能中的关键作用
DOI：
10.1007/s41314-022-00052-1
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Nguyen T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nguyen T
能量碎片造成的穿透性创伤是爆炸事件中最常见的伤害。碎片穿透躯干区域可能导致致命的出血。个人装甲用于减轻弹道威胁;它包括硬装甲，以防止高速子弹和软装甲，以防止能量碎片和其他弹道威胁（如来自手枪）的低冲击速度。目前的软装甲测试标准并不关注实际的边界条件，也不总是推荐使用背衬材料。这项研究提供了一套全面的证据，以支持包括在测试软防弹衣使用的背衬。使用不同形状和尺寸的碎片模拟射弹（FSP）对机织芳纶和针织高性能聚乙烯防弹织物进行冲击，使用和不使用弹道明胶软组织模拟物作为背衬材料，用气枪系统进行实验。结果表明，当使用明胶背衬时，所有测试配置中织物穿孔50%风险（V50）下的冲击速度存在统计学显著差异。此外，背衬材料能够收集损伤相关的指标，如V50的组织模拟穿透以及穿透深度对冲击速度。当存在背衬材料时，也可以计算织物吸收的归一化能量。这项研究证实，背衬材料是必不可少的，特别是在评估单层织物对低质量FSP的性能时。它还证明了预测损伤结果的支持所提供的额外好处。
Penetrating trauma by energised fragments is the most common injury from an explosive event. Fragment penetrations to the truncal region can result in lethal haemorrhage. Personal armour is used to mitigate ballistic threats; it comprises hard armour to protect from high-velocity bullets and soft armour to protect against energised fragments and other ballistic threats (such as from a hand gun) with low impact velocities. Current testing standards for soft armour do not focus on realistic boundary conditions, and a backing material is not always recommended. This study provides a comprehensive set of evidence to support the inclusion of a backing used in testing of soft body armour. Experiments were performed with a gas-gun system using fragment-simulating projectiles (FSPs) of different shapes and sizes to impact on a woven aramid and a knitted high-performance polyethylene ballistic fabric, with and without the ballistic gelatine soft tissue simulant as the backing material. The results showed statistically significant differences in the impact velocities at 50% risk (V50) of fabric perforation across all test configurations when the gelatine backing was used. Furthermore, the backing material enabled the collection of injury-related metrics such as V50of tissue-simulant penetrations as well as depth of penetration against impact velocity. The normalised energy absorbed by the fabric could also be calculated when the backing material was present. This study confirms that a backing material is essential, particularly when assessing the performance of single layer fabrics against FSPs of low mass. It also demonstrates the additional benefits provided by the backing for predicting injury outcomes.
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