Distinction between transport and Rényi entropy growth in kinetically constrained models

Distinction between transport and Rényi entropy growth in kinetically constrained models
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动力学约束模型中传输和熵增长的区别

DOI:
10.1103/physrevb.106.l220303
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发表时间:
2022
期刊:
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
Zhi
Zhi
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Zhi

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守恒定律和相关的流体动力学模式对孤立量子系统中更高的R\'enyi熵的增长有重要影响。在各种随机幺正电路和哈密顿系统中已经表明,在存在U(1)对称性的情况下,R\'enyi熵的动力学服从$S^{(n\geq 2)}(t)\propto t^{1/z}$,其中$z$被确定为表征守恒电荷输运的动力学指数。然而,在这里,我们证明,这种简单的识别可能不成立,在某些量子系统的动力学约束。特别地,我们研究了两类分别具有XNOR和Fredkin约束的U(1)-对称量子自动机电路。我们发现,在数值上,虽然在这两个模型中的自旋输运是subdiffusively,第二R\'enyi熵的增长扩散的XNOR模型,和superdiffusively在Fredkin模型。对于具有XNOR约束的系统,这种区别是因为自旋相关函数可以归因于标记粒子的涌现示踪动力学,而R 'enyi熵受到粒子集体输运的约束。我们的研究结果表明,必须小心时,在一般的量子系统与守恒定律的运输和纠缠熵动力学。
Conservation laws and the associated hydrodynamic modes have important consequences on the growth of higher R\'enyi entropies in isolated quantum systems. It has been shown in various random unitary circuits and Hamiltonian systems that the dynamics of the R\'enyi entropies in the presence of a U(1) symmetry obey $S^{(n\geq 2)}(t) \propto t^{1/z}$, where $z$ is identified as the dynamical exponent characterizing transport of the conserved charges. Here, however, we demonstrate that this simple identification may not hold in certain quantum systems with kinetic constraints. In particular, we study two types of U(1)-symmetric quantum automaton circuits with XNOR and Fredkin constraints, respectively. We find numerically that while spin transport in both models is subdiffusive, the second R\'enyi entropy grows diffusively in the XNOR model, and superdiffusively in the Fredkin model. For systems with XNOR constraint, this distinction arises since the spin correlation function can be attributed to an emergent tracer dynamics of tagged particles, whereas the R\'enyi entropies are constrained by collective transport of the particles. Our results suggest that care must be taken when relating transport and entanglement entropy dynamics in generic quantum systems with conservation laws.
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影响因子: 6.4
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