Progress and challenges in measles and rubella elimination in the WHO European Region.
Progress and challenges in measles and rubella elimination in the WHO European Region.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.06.042
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发表时间：
2018-08-28
期刊：
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Butler R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Datta SS;O'Connor PM;Jankovic D;Muscat M;Ben Mamou MC;Singh S;Kaloumenos T;Reef S;Papania M;Butler R
尽管有安全且具有成本效益的疫苗可以预防麻疹，但麻疹仍然是全球五岁以下儿童死亡的重要原因之一。近年来，世界卫生组织 (WHO) 欧洲区域的麻疹和风疹病例急剧下降，一些曾经常见的麻疹基因型已不再检测到。受这一成功的鼓舞，该地区所有成员国在 2010 年重申了消除麻疹和风疹的承诺，并将其作为 2015-2020 年欧洲疫苗行动计划 (EVAP) 的核心目标。尽管如此，零星疫情仍在继续，最近主要影响没有接种疫苗或疫苗接种史不完整的青少年和年轻人。欧洲麻疹和风疹消除区域核查委员会成立于 2011 年，旨在根据各国国家核查委员会每年提交的文件评估麻疹和风疹消除状况。每个国家消除麻疹和风疹的承诺都受到相互竞争的卫生优先事项以及在某些情况下缺乏能力和资源的影响。所有国家都需要改进麻疹和风疹的病例监测，确保记录每次疫情，并加强流行病学和实验室数据之间的联系。要实现麻疹和风疹疫苗的高覆盖率，需要采取多部门方法来解决已确定社区接种率较低的根本原因，包括服务提供挑战或因疫苗接种谣言引起的疫苗安全问题。世卫组
Despite availability of safe and cost-effective vaccines to prevent it, measles remains one of the significant causes of death among children under five years of age globally. The World Health Organization (WHO) European Region has seen a drastic decline in measles and rubella cases in recent years, and a few of the once common measles genotypes are no longer detected. Buoyed by this success, all Member States of the Region reconfirmed their commitment in 2010 to eliminating measles and rubella, and made this a central objective of the European Vaccine Action Plan 2015–2020 (EVAP). Nevertheless, sporadic outbreaks continue, recently affecting primarily adolescents and young adults with no vaccination or an incomplete vaccination history. The European Regional Verification Commission for Measles and Rubella Elimination was established in 2011 to evaluate the status of measles and rubella elimination based on documentation submitted annually by each country’s national verification committee. Each country’s commitment to eliminate measles and rubella is influenced by competing health priorities, and in some cases lack of capacity and resources. All countries need to improve case-base surveillance for both measles and rubella, ensure documentation of each outbreak and strengthen the link between epidemiology and laboratory data. Achieving high coverage with measles- and rubella-containing vaccines will require a multisectoral approach to address the root causes of lower uptake in identified communities including service delivery challenges or vaccine safety concerns caused by circulating myths about vaccination. The WHO European Region has made steady progress towards eliminating measles and rubella and over half of the countries interrupted endemic transmission of both diseases by 2015. The programmatic challenges in disease surveillance, vaccination service delivery and communication in the remaining endemic countries should be addressed through periodic evaluation of the strategies by all stakeholders and exploring additional opportunities to accelerate the ongoing elimination activities.
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