Oxidative stress and neurodegenerative diseases: a review of upstream and downstream antioxidant therapeutic options.
Oxidative stress and neurodegenerative diseases: a review of upstream and downstream antioxidant therapeutic options.
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DOI：
10.2174/157015909787602823
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发表时间：
2009-03
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Mahajan RT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Uttara B;Singh AV;Zamboni P;Mahajan RT
自由基是正常有氧细胞代谢的常见结果。体内的抗氧化系统在防止自由基造成的任何损失方面起着决定性的作用。然而，抗氧化剂的防御机制失衡，过量产生或从环境到生命系统的自由基的掺入导致严重的惩罚，导致神经退行性变。神经细胞在神经退行性疾病中遭受功能或感觉丧失。除了其他环境或遗传因素外，氧化应激（OS）导致的自由基对神经细胞的攻击也是神经退行性变的重要原因。虽然氧气对生命至关重要，但不平衡的新陈代谢和过量的活性氧（ROS）产生最终导致一系列疾病，如阿尔茨海默病，帕金森病，衰老和许多其他神经疾病。自由基的毒性导致蛋白质和DNA损伤、炎症、组织损伤和随后的细胞凋亡。抗氧化剂现在被看作是有说服力的治疗严重的神经元损失，因为他们有能力通过中和自由基的战斗。饮食是抗氧化剂的主要来源，而草药作为抗氧化剂的商业来源目前正受到关注。识别氧化应激的上游和下游抗氧化治疗已被证明是改变任何神经元损伤以及清除自由基的有效工具。抗氧化剂具有广泛的范围来螯合参与神经元斑块形成的金属离子以防止氧化应激。此外，抗氧化治疗在清除自由基和ROS防止氧化应激后神经元变性方面至关重要。
Free radicals are common outcome of normal aerobic cellular metabolism. In-built antioxidant system of body plays its decisive role in prevention of any loss due to free radicals. However, imbalanced defense mechanism of antioxidants, overproduction or incorporation of free radicals from environment to living system leads to serious penalty leading to neuro-degeneration. Neural cells suffer functional or sensory loss in neurodegenerative diseases. Apart from several other environmental or genetic factors, oxidative stress (OS) leading to free radical attack on neural cells contributes calamitous role to neuro-degeneration. Though, oxygen is imperative for life, imbalanced metabolism and excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation end into a range of disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, aging and many other neural disorders. Toxicity of free radicals contributes to proteins and DNA injury, inflammation, tissue damage and subsequent cellular apoptosis. Antioxidants are now being looked upon as persuasive therapeutic against solemn neuronal loss, as they have capability to combat by neutralizing free radicals. Diet is major source of antioxidants, as well as medicinal herbs are catching attention to be commercial source of antioxidants at present. Recognition of upstream and downstream antioxidant therapy to oxidative stress has been proved an effective tool in alteration of any neuronal damage as well as free radical scavenging. Antioxidants have a wide scope to sequester metal ions involved in neuronal plaque formation to prevent oxidative stress. In addition, antioxidant therapy is vital in scavenging free radicals and ROS preventing neuronal degeneration in post-oxidative stress scenario.
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影响因子：
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