Migration energy barriers and diffusion anisotropy of point defects on tungsten surfaces

Migration energy barriers and diffusion anisotropy of point defects on tungsten surfaces
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钨表面点缺陷的迁移能垒和扩散各向异性

DOI:
10.1016/j.commatsci.2020.109893
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发表时间:
2020-11
影响因子:
3.3
通讯作者:
Haixuan Xu
Haixuan Xu
中科院分区:
材料科学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Jiannan Hao;Shuo Jin;Guang-Hong Lu;Haixuan Xu

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钨是未来聚变装置中最有前途的面向等离子体材料之一,因为它在极端辐照条件下具有高性能。然而,辐照诱导的表面形态变化显着,这取决于辐照类型,能量密度和通量。因此,研究钨(W)表面上点缺陷的动力学以了解辐照如何影响表面形态是至关重要的。在这项研究中,我们采用自演化原子动力学蒙特卡罗(SEAKMC)方法来寻找点缺陷在W(1 0 0),(1 1 0)和(1 1 1)表面上的潜在迁移路径。第一性原理的计算,然后用于准确地确定迁移能垒。所获得的路径和障碍被纳入到一个动力学蒙特卡罗(KMC)模型,以确定轨迹和扩散系数,这是由扩散张量来描述,以证明其各向异性功能。多种扩散机制已被确定在不同的表面上,具有各种各向异性因子。特别地,W(110)表面上的点缺陷具有最高的扩散率,各向异性因子与温度无关。相比之下,W(1 0 0)表面的各向异性随着温度的升高而减小,而W(1 1 1)表面对于点缺陷是各向同性的。这项研究提供了不同表面上的缺陷输运特性的见解,这是必不可少的理解辐照诱导的微观结构演变和钨的表面形态的早期阶段。
Tungsten is one of the most promising candidates for plasma-facing materials in future fusion devices, owing to its high performance under extreme irradiation conditions. However, irradiation-induced surface morphology varies significantly, depending on the irradiation type, fluence, and flux. Therefore, it is critical to examine the dynamics of point defects on tungsten (W) surfaces to understand how irradiation affects surface morphology. In this study, we employ the Self-Evolving Atomistic Kinetic Monte Carlo (SEAKMC) method to search for potential migration paths of point defects on W (1 0 0), (1 1 0) and (1 1 1) surfaces. The first-principles calculations are then used to accurately determine the migration energy barriers. The obtained paths and barriers are incorporated into a kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC) model to determine trajectories and diffusivities, which are described by diffusion tensors to demonstrate their anisotropic features. Multiple diffusion mechanisms have been identified on different surfaces, with various anisotropy factors. Particularly, point defects on the W (1 1 0) surface have the highest diffusivities, with anisotropy factors independent of temperatures. In comparison, the anisotropy of the W (1 0 0) surface decreases as temperature increases, while the W (1 1 1) surface is isotropic for point defects. This study provides insights into defect transport properties on different surfaces, which are essential for understanding the early stages of irradiation-induced microstructural evolutions and surface morphology of tungsten.
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