The emergence of the formal category “symmetry” in a new sign language
The emergence of the formal category “symmetry” in a new sign language
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新手语中形式范畴“对称”的出现
DOI:
10.1073/pnas.1819872116
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发表时间:
2019
期刊:
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Goldin-Meadow, Susan
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Gleitman, Lila;Senghas, Ann;Flaherty, Molly;Coppola, Marie;Goldin-Meadow, Susan
Logical properties such as negation, implication, and symmetry, despite the fact that they are foundational and threaded through the vocabulary and syntax of known natural languages, pose a special problem for language learning. Their meanings are much harder to identify and isolate in the child’s everyday interaction with referents in the world than concrete things (like spoons and horses) and happenings and acts (like running and jumping) that are much more easily identified, and thus more easily linked to their linguistic labels (spoon,horse,run,jump). Here we concentrate attention on the category of symmetry [a relationRis symmetrical if and only if (iff) for allx,y: ifR(x,y), thenR(y,x)], expressed in English by such terms assimilar,marry,cousin, andnear. After a brief introduction to how symmetry is expressed in English and other well-studied languages, we discuss the appearance and maturation of this category in Nicaraguan Sign Language (NSL). NSL is an emerging language used as the primary, daily means of communication among a population of deaf individuals who could not acquire the surrounding spoken language because they could not hear it, and who were not exposed to a preexisting sign language because there was none available in their community. Remarkably, these individuals treat symmetry, in both semantic and syntactic regards, much as do learners exposed to a previously established language. These findings point to deep human biases in the structures underpinning and constituting human language.
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影响因子:
0.4
作者:
L. Polich
通讯作者:
L. Polich
DOI:
--
发表时间:
2007
期刊:
Proc. of the International Symposium on Large-Scale Knowledge Resources
影响因子:
--
作者:
赤間 啓之;鄭 在玲;三宅 真紀;吉橋 健治;仁科 喜久子;YOSHIHASHI Kenji
通讯作者:
YOSHIHASHI Kenji
DOI:
10.1073/pnas.0509306102
发表时间:
2005-12-27
影响因子:
11.1
作者:
Coppola, M;Newport, EL
通讯作者:
Newport, EL
DOI:
--
发表时间:
1965
期刊:
影响因子:
--
作者:
L. Gleitman
通讯作者:
L. Gleitman
DOI:
--
发表时间:
2010
期刊:
影响因子:
--
作者:
Marie Coppola;Ann Senghas
通讯作者:
Ann Senghas