The genomic formation of Tanka people, an isolated “Gypsies in water” in the coastal region of Southeast China
The genomic formation of Tanka people, an isolated “Gypsies in water” in the coastal region of Southeast China
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中国东南沿海地区与世隔绝的“水中吉普赛人”疍家人的基因组形成
DOI：
10.1002/ajpa.24495
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发表时间：
2021-07
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Xian-Qing Zhang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Guanglin He;Yunhe Zhang;Lan-Hai Wei;Mengge Wang;Xiaomin Yang;Jianxin Guo;Rong Hu;Chuan-Chao Wang;Xian-Qing Zhang
目的：通过文化、人类学和单代遗传分析等有争议的证据，提出了三种不同的假设，分别认为疍家人可能起源于汉族、古代百越部落或汉族和百越部落的混合。因此，需要利用全基因组SNP数据对中国东南沿海地区孤立的“水中吉普赛人”Tanka人的遗传起源和混合历史进行遗传学澄清。材料与方法：为阐明东南疍家人的遗传来源，探讨东南疍家人与周围的Tai-Kadai （TK）、Hmong-Mien （HM）、Austronesian （AN）人以及来自黄河流域和福建的新石器时代至历史古代人的遗传关系，对1498名现代和古代欧亚人进行了大规模群体基因组研究，其中73名疍家人和4名汉人在这里首次被报道。本文采用了基于等位基因共享和单倍型的统计方法，包括PCA、admix、f-statistics、ALDER、qpGraph/TreeMix和qpdm /qpWave、ChromoPainter和fineSTRUCTURE。结果：我们在PCA图中发现了一个特定的遗传突变，并在基于模型的admix中检测到Tanka特有的同质祖先，这表明Tanka与周围汉族之间存在差异的人口统计学历史。基于共享等位基因模式的正式测试表明，疍家人与汉人关系密切，但与南方汉族相比，疍家人拥有更多与AA/HM/TK人相关的南方土著东亚血统。此外，重建的分化人口历史显示，与沙城北部的Tankas相比，新石州南部Tankas拥有更多与TK人或沿海新石器时代至青铜时代的东南亚人有关的祖先。基于qpGraph-/ treemix的系统发育框架、基于qpAdm/ qpwave的古代东亚北部和南部混合模型和基于精细结构的树状图进一步表明，现代唐卡的主要祖先来自YRB的古代谷子农民，并有来自多个东亚南部来源的额外混合。讨论：根据f统计估计的祖先共享和根据ChromoPainter和fineSTRUCTURE推断的单倍型景观共享表明，东南疍家人不仅与北方汉族和YRB谷子农民有密切的遗传关系，而且具有与AA/HM/TK说话者相关的东亚南部祖先。我们的基因组数据和拟合的混合模型支持现代疍家源自古代华北，并在古代东亚南部向南迁移的过程中获得了额外的基因流。
Objectives: Three different hypotheses proposed via the controversial evidence from cultural, anthropological and uniparental genetic analyses respectively stated that Tanka people probably originated from Han Chinese, ancient Baiyue tribe, or the admixture of them. Therefore, the genetic origin and admixture history of the Tanka people, an isolated “Gypsies in water” in the coastal region of Southeast China, are needed to be genetically clarified using genome-wide SNP data. Materials and methods: To elucidate the genetic origin of the Southeast Tanka people and explore their genetic relationship with surrounding indigenous Tai-Kadai (TK), Hmong-Mien (HM) and Austronesian (AN) people and Neolithic-to-historic ancients from the Yellow River Basin (YRB) and Fujian, we conducted a large-scale population genomic study among 1498 modern and ancient Eurasians, in which 73 Tanka and 4 Han people were first reported here. Both allele-shared and haplotype-based statistical methods were used here, including PCA, ADMIXTURE, f-statistics, ALDER, qpGraph/TreeMix and qpAdm/qpWave, ChromoPainter and fineSTRUCTURE. Results: We found a specific genetic cline in PCA plots and detected the Tanka-specific homogeneous ancestry in model-based ADMIXTURE, suggesting differentiated demographic history between Tanka and surrounding Hans. Formal tests based on sharing allele patterns showed a close relationship between Tanka people and Han Chinese, but the Tanka population harbored more southern indigenous East Asian ancestry related to AA/HM/TK people compared with southern Hans. Besides, the reconstructed differentiated demographic history revealed that southern Xinshizhou Tankas harbored more ancestry related to the TK people or coastal ancient Neolithic to Bronze Age southern East Asians compared with northern Shacheng Tankas. The qpGraph-/TreeMix-based phylogenetic framework, qpAdm/qpWave-based admixture modeling among ancient northern and southern East Asians and fineSTRUCTURE-based dendrogram further demonstrated that the primary ancestry of modern Tankas derived from ancient millet farmers in the YRB with additional admixture from multiple southern East Asian sources. Discussion: Sharing ancestry estimated from the f-statistics and sharing haplotypic landscape inferred from the ChromoPainter and fineSTRUCTURE showed that Southeast Tanka people not only had a close genetic relationship with both northern Hans and YRB millet farmers but also possessed southern East Asian ancestry related to AA/HM/TK speakers. Our genomic data and fitted admixture models supported modern Tanka originated from ancient North China and obtained additional gene flow from ancient southern East Asians in the processes of southward migrations.
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影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Liu Y;Yang J;Li Y;Tang R;Yuan D;Wang Y;Wang P;Deng S;Zeng S;Li H;Chen G;Zou X;Wang M;He G
通讯作者：
He G
单亲遗传分析揭示了福建疍家的主要起源于古代土著傣族群体
影响因子：
--
作者：
XiaoQin Luo;PanXin Du;LingXiang Wang;BoYan Zhou;YuChun Li;HongXiang Zheng;LanHai Wei;JunJian Liu;Chang Sun;HaiLiang Meng;JingZe Tan;WenJing Su;ShaoQing Wen;Hui Li
通讯作者：
Hui Li
影响因子：
9.2
作者：
Chang CC;Chow CC;Tellier LC;Vattikuti S;Purcell SM;Lee JJ
通讯作者：
Lee JJ
对东亚西南部蒙古语和通古斯语人群混合历史的基因组见解
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Chen J;He G;Ren Z;Wang Q;Liu Y;Zhang H;Yang M;Zhang H;Ji J;Zhao J;Guo J;Zhu K;Yang X;Wang R;Ma H;Wang CC;Huang J
通讯作者：
Huang J
DOI：
10.1126/science.1243518
发表时间：
2014-02-14
期刊：
Science (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Hellenthal G;Busby GBJ;Band G;Wilson JF;Capelli C;Falush D;Myers S
通讯作者：
Myers S