MAP-Elites Enables Powerful Stepping Stones and Diversity for Modular Robotics.

MAP-Elites Enables Powerful Stepping Stones and Diversity for Modular Robotics.
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MAP-Elites 为模块化机器人技术提供了强大的垫脚石和多样性。

DOI:
10.3389/frobt.2021.639173
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
3.4
通讯作者:
Glette K
Glette K
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Nordmoen J;Veenstra F;Ellefsen KO;Glette K

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在模块化机器人技术中,模块可以重新配置以改变机器人的形态,使其能够适应特定的任务。然而,优化这类机器人的身体和控制都是一个困难的挑战,因为微调控制和形态变化之间的复杂关系可能会使这种优化失效。这些挑战可能会使许多优化算法陷入局部最优,阻碍了朝着更好的解决方案的进展。为了解决这一挑战,我们比较了三种不同的进化算法在优化模块化机器人中高性能和多样化的形态和控制器方面的能力。我们比较了两种基于目标的搜索算法,在有和没有促进多样性目标的情况下,与质量多样性算法-MAP-Elites。结果表明,MAP-Elite除了能够产生最大的形态多样性外,还能够进化出最高性能的解。此外,在将人口转移到新的、更困难的环境中时,MAP精英在恢复表现方面更具优势。通过对谱系祖先的分析,我们发现Map-Elite算法比其他两种基于目标的搜索算法产生了更多种类和更高性能的垫脚石。将种群过渡到新环境的实验表明了形态多样性的作用,而对垫脚石的分析表明,祖先的多样性与运动任务中的最大表现之间存在很强的相关性。综上所述,这些结果证明了地图精英对模块化机器人的形态控制搜索这一具有挑战性的任务的适用性,并揭示了该算法为获得高性能解决方案而生成垫脚石的能力。
In modular robotics modules can be reconfigured to change the morphology of the robot, making it able to adapt to specific tasks. However, optimizing both the body and control of such robots is a difficult challenge due to the intricate relationship between fine-tuning control and morphological changes that can invalidate such optimizations. These challenges can trap many optimization algorithms in local optima, halting progress towards better solutions. To solve this challenge we compare three different Evolutionary Algorithms on their capacity to optimize high performing and diverse morphologies and controllers in modular robotics. We compare two objective-based search algorithms, with and without a diversity promoting objective, with a Quality Diversity algorithm—MAP-Elites. The results show that MAP-Elites is capable of evolving the highest performing solutions in addition to generating the largest morphological diversity. Further, MAP-Elites is superior at regaining performance when transferring the population to new and more difficult environments. By analyzing genealogical ancestry we show that MAP-Elites produces more diverse and higher performing stepping stones than the two other objective-based search algorithms. The experiments transitioning the populations to new environments show the utility of morphological diversity, while the analysis of stepping stones show a strong correlation between diversity of ancestry and maximum performance on the locomotion task. Together, these results demonstrate the suitability of MAP-elites for the challenging task of morphology-control search for modular robots, and shed light on the algorithm’s capability of generating stepping stones for reaching high-performing solutions.
DOI: 10.3389/frobt.2019.00009
发表时间: 2019
影响因子: 3.4
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