Protophones, the precursors to speech, dominate the human infant vocal landscape.
Protophones, the precursors to speech, dominate the human infant vocal landscape.
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DOI：
10.1098/rstb.2020.0255
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发表时间：
2021-10-25
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Griebel U
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Oller DK;Ramsay G;Bene E;Long HL;Griebel U
人类婴儿发声被视为声音学习和语言的重要基础。所有猿类都有相同的痛苦声音（尖叫声和哭声）和笑声。另一种声音类型，类似言语的声音，在人类婴儿中很常见，在其他猿类中很少见，但并非不存在。这三种声音类型构成了信息丰富的跨物种比较的基础。为了使这种比较成为可能，我们需要实证研究来记录这三种情况发生的频率。目前的工作通过在各种录音环境下的纵向研究，全面描述了人类婴儿的这三种声音类型。最近，人类婴儿的主要发声已被证明是类似语音的声音，或“原音”，包括规范和非规范的牙牙学语。研究表明，根据第一年全天录音的随机抽样数据，原音的数量至少是哭声的五倍。目前的工作在之前的报告的基础上进行了扩展，显示在各种情况下的全天和实验室录音中，原音的数量远远超过哭泣和笑声的数量。这些数据提供了新的证据，证明原音在婴儿声音景观中占据主导地位，并阐明了它们在人类声音学习和语言起源中的作用。本文是主题“动物和人类的声音学习”的一部分。
Human infant vocalization is viewed as a critical foundation for vocal learning and language. All apes share distress sounds (shrieks and cries) and laughter. Another vocal type, speech-like sounds, common in human infants, is rare but not absent in other apes. These three vocal types form a basis for especially informative cross-species comparisons. To make such comparisons possible we need empirical research documenting the frequency of occurrence of all three. The present work provides a comprehensive portrayal of these three vocal types in the human infant from longitudinal research in various circumstances of recording. Recently, the predominant vocalizations of the human infant have been shown to be speech-like sounds, or ‘protophones’, including both canonical and non-canonical babbling. The research shows that protophones outnumber cries by a factor of at least five based on data from random-sampling of all-day recordings across the first year. The present work expands on the prior reports, showing the protophones vastly outnumber both cry and laughter in both all-day and laboratory recordings in various circumstances. The data provide new evidence of the predominance of protophones in the infant vocal landscape and illuminate their role in human vocal learning and the origin of language. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Vocal learning in animals and humans’.
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影响因子：
3.8
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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