Mechanisms underlying the neuronal-based symptoms of allergy.
Mechanisms underlying the neuronal-based symptoms of allergy.
复制标题
过敏的基于神经元症状的机制。
DOI：
10.1016/j.jaci.2013.11.027
复制
发表时间：
2014-06
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Taylor-Clark T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Undem BJ;Taylor-Clark T
过敏者出现的症状通常是神经系统变化的结果。以神经为基础的症状取决于发生过敏反应的器官，但可能包括眼睛发红、打喷嚏、鼻塞、鼻漏、咳嗽、支气管收缩、呼吸道粘液分泌、吞咽困难、胃肠动力改变和皮肤发痒。这些症状的发生是因为过敏反应中释放的介质可以与感觉神经相互作用，改变中枢神经系统的处理，并改变交感神经、副交感神经和肠道自主神经的传递。此外，有证据支持这样一种观点，即在一些受试者中，这种神经调节被上调，其原因尚不清楚，以至于相同程度的神经刺激产生的影响比健康受试者更大。不同的器官系统在过敏原诱导的神经调节中涉及的机制和神经类型有所不同，但普遍的原则已经出现。激活的肥大细胞、其他炎性细胞和驻留细胞的产物可以明显刺激神经末梢，引起神经元兴奋性的长期变化，增加突触效率，还可以改变神经中的基因表达，导致神经元表型改变。对这些过程的更好理解可能会导致旨在限制过敏患者痛苦的新的治疗策略。
Persons with allergies present with symptoms that often are the result of alterations in the nervous system. Neuronally based symptoms depend on the organ in which the allergic reaction occurs but can include red itchy eyes, sneezing, nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, coughing, bronchoconstriction, airway mucus secretion, dysphagia, altered gastrointestinal motility, and itchy swollen skin. These symptoms occur because mediators released during an allergic reaction can interact with sensory nerves, change processing in the central nervous system, and alter transmission in sympathetic, parasympathetic, and enteric autonomic nerves. In addition, evidence supports the idea that in some subjects this neuromodulation is, for reasons poorly understood, upregulated such that the same degree of nerve stimulus causes a larger effect than seen in healthy subjects. There are distinctions in the mechanisms and nerve types involved in allergen-induced neuromodulation among different organ systems, but general principles have emerged. The products of activated mast cells, other inflammatory cells, and resident cells can overtly stimulate nerve endings, cause long-lasting changes in neuronal excitability, increase synaptic efficacy, and also change gene expression in nerves, resulting in phenotypically altered neurons. A better understanding of these processes might lead to novel therapeutic strategies aimed at limiting the suffering of those with allergies.
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影响因子：
5.5
作者：
Breunig, Eva;Michel, Klaus;Schemann, Michael
通讯作者：
Schemann, Michael
影响因子：
29.4
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
3.6
作者：
ALVING, K;SUNDSTROM, C;LUNDBERG, JM
通讯作者：
LUNDBERG, JM
DOI：
10.1152/ajpregu.00452.2004
发表时间：
2005-02-01
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
D'Andrea, MR;Saban, MR;Saban, R
通讯作者：
Saban, R
影响因子：
9.8
作者：
Cremon, Cesare;Carini, Giovanni;Barbara, Giovanni
通讯作者：
Barbara, Giovanni