Interrogation of the dynamic properties of higher-order heterochromatin using CRISPR-dCas9.

Interrogation of the dynamic properties of higher-order heterochromatin using CRISPR-dCas9.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.molcel.2021.07.034
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发表时间:
2021-10-21
期刊:
影响因子:
16
通讯作者:
Qi LS
Qi LS
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Gao Y;Han M;Shang S;Wang H;Qi LS

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真核细胞染色体的特征是大面积的致密、受抑制的异染色质,其特征是异染色质蛋白1(HP 1)。HP 1蛋白在异染色质的形成中发挥多方面的作用,在细胞中,HP 1与单个基因启动子的连接导致表观遗传修饰和沉默。然而,由于缺乏合适的工具,在细胞中研究HP 1在超核小体尺度上的紧急特性仍然很困难。在这里,我们开发了CRISPR工程化染色质组织(EChO),将活细胞CRISPR成像与染色质蛋白诱导性大规模募集到天然基因组靶点相结合。我们证明,人类HP 1 α平铺在整个DNA酶规模的基因组DNA形成新的接触与天然异染色质,整合两个遥远的目标区域,并可逆地改变染色质从弥漫到紧凑的状态。紧凑的状态表现出延迟的拆卸动力学和抑制转录超过600个酶。这些发现支持了HP 1 α介导的染色质调控的聚合物模型,并强调了CRISPR-EChO在研究活细胞中超核小体染色质组织中的实用性。在活细胞中操纵和研究3D基因组组织的技术仍然很少。Gao等人开发了一种基于CRISPR/dCas 9的方法,用于在染色体的内切酶规模区域上诱导平铺染色质蛋白,揭示了HP 1a在动态介导长距离染色质相互作用,染色质压实和转录抑制中的直接作用。
Eukaryotic chromosomes feature large regions of compact, repressed heterochromatin hallmarked by Heterochromatin Protein 1 (HP1). HP1 proteins play multi-faceted roles in shaping heterochromatin, and in cells, HP1 tethering to individual gene promoters leads to epigenetic modifications and silencing. However, emergent properties of HP1 at supranucleosomal scales remain difficult to study in cells due to lack of appropriate tools. Here, we develop CRISPR-Engineered Chromatin Organization (EChO), combining live cell CRISPR imaging with inducible large-scale recruitment of chromatin proteins to native genomic targets. We demonstrate that human HP1α tiling across kilobase-scale genomic DNA forms novel contacts with natural heterochromatin, integrates two distantly targeted regions, and reversibly changes chromatin from a diffuse to compact state. The compact state exhibits delayed disassembly kinetics and represses transcription across over 600 kilobases. These findings support a polymer model of HP1α-mediated chromatin regulation and highlight the utility of CRISPR-EChO in studying supranucleosomal chromatin organization in living cells. Technologies to manipulate and study 3D genome organization in living cells remain scarce. Gao et al. develop a CRISPR/dCas9-based approach for inducibly tiling chromatin proteins across kilobase-scale regions of the chromosome, uncovering the direct role of HP1a in dynamically mediating long-range chromatin interactions, chromatin compaction, and transcriptional repression.
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