Stereotyped yawning responses induced by electrical and chemical stimulation of paraventricular nucleus of the rat.
Stereotyped yawning responses induced by electrical and chemical stimulation of paraventricular nucleus of the rat.
复制标题
大鼠室旁核的电和化学刺激引起的刻板打哈欠反应。
作者：
I. Sato;Ichiro Kita;M. Oguri;H. Arita
电刺激或化学刺激麻醉的自主呼吸大鼠室旁核（PVN）诱发打哈欠。为了评估打哈欠的生理方面，我们监测多导测量如下;通过监测呼吸[肋间肌电图（EMG）]、张口（二腹肌EMG）和躯干伸展（背部EMG）来评估打哈欠的协调运动模式。我们还记录了血压（BP）、心率和皮层脑电图（ECoG），以评估打哈欠时的自主神经功能和唤醒反应。一个刻板的打哈欠的反应，可重复地诱发电刺激或微量注射谷氨酸或NOC-7，一氧化氮（NO）释放化合物，到PVN。刻板的打哈欠反应由两个连续事件组成，初始反应代表降压反应，而ECoG中的唤醒转变为较低的电压和较快的节律。这些最初的变化之后是一个打哈欠的行为，其特征是一个单一的大吸气与嘴巴张开和躯干伸展。在自发性打哈欠的过程中也发生了类似的事件：在打哈欠行为之前，BP和ECoG觉醒的下降。自发性哈欠的频率增加后，也观察到微量注射谷氨酸或NOC-7到PVN。静脉注射一氧化氮合酶（NOS）抑制剂NG-单甲基-精氨酸，可防止化学刺激PVN引起的刻板哈欠反应。组织学检查显示，打哈欠反应的有效部位位于PVN吻侧的内侧部，即小细胞和大细胞神经元的部位。NADPH-黄递酶组织化学显示，在打哈欠诱发的室旁核部位存在NOS阳性细胞。综上所述，哈欠的连续事件可能是由PVN吻侧内侧部的含NOS的小细胞神经元投射到下脑干产生的。
Yawning was evoked by electrical or chemical stimulation in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of anesthetized, spontaneously breathing rats. To evaluate physiological aspects of yawning, we monitored polygraphic measures as follows; a coordinated motor pattern of yawning was assessed by monitoring breathing [intercostal electromyogram (EMG)], mouth opening (digastric EMG), and stretching of the trunk (back EMG). We also recorded blood pressure (BP), heart rate, and the electrocorticogram (ECoG) to evaluate autonomic function and arousal responses during yawning. A stereotyped yawning response was reproducibly evoked by electrical stimulation or microinjection of -glutamate or NOC-7, a nitric oxide (NO)-releasing compound, into the PVN. The stereotyped yawning response consisted of two sequential events, an initial response represented a depressor response and an arousal shift in the ECoG to lower voltage and faster rhythms. These initial changes were followed by a yawning behavior characterized by a single large inspiration with mouth opening and stretching of the trunk. A similar sequence of events occurred during spontaneous yawning; a fall in BP and ECoG arousal preceded a yawning behavior. An increase in the frequency of spontaneous yawns was also observed after microinjection of -glutamate or NOC-7 into the PVN. Intravenous administration of NG-monomethyl--arginine, an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), prevented the stereotyped yawning response evoked by chemical stimulation of the PVN. Histological examination revealed that effective sites for the yawning responses were located in the medial part of the rostral PVN, the site of parvocellular and magnocellular neurons. NADPH-diaphorase histochemistry showed the existence of NOS-containing cells in yawning-evoked sites of the PVN. In summary, the sequential events of yawning may be generated by NOS-containing parvocellular neurons in the medial part of the rostral PVN projecting to the lower brain stem.
呕吐期间腹部和呼气肋间肌活动的控制：腹侧呼吸组呼气神经元的作用。
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Miller,AD;Tan,LK;Suzuki,I
通讯作者：
Suzuki,I
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.86.22.9030
发表时间：
1989-11-01
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
BREDT, DS;SNYDER, SH
通讯作者：
SNYDER, SH