Older Black Americans During COVID-19: Race and Age Double Jeopardy.
Older Black Americans During COVID-19: Race and Age Double Jeopardy.
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DOI：
10.1177/1090198120965513
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发表时间：
2020-12
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Taylor RJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chatters LM;Taylor HO;Taylor RJ
本文讨论了“双重危险”的概念-既老又黑-与COVID-19对老年黑人成年人的不成比例的影响有关，以及种族主义和年龄歧视的相关影响如何塑造疾病的高风险和较差的结果。首先，我们回顾了当前关于老年黑人COVID-19发病率和死亡率的信息。这些数据表明，黑人和老年人是受影响最大的两个群体。因此，老年黑人受到双重影响，患病和死亡的风险特别高。在此之后，我们讨论了冠状病毒和COVID-19在主要生活领域（即，家庭和住户组成、社会孤立和孤独、种族居住隔离、疗养院和集体生活安排以及宗教团体）。我们使用一个种族和年龄知情的框架，以确定如何与黑人种族和老年人的做法和政策反映在生活环境和资源。双重危险的观点有助于强调长期存在的基于种族和年龄的不平等和社会脆弱性，以及它们在COVID-19大流行期间造成美国老年黑人遭受毁灭性死亡和伤害方面的作用。评估基于种族和年龄的不平等和社会脆弱性可以识别重要的风险和保护因素，并有助于制定政策和行动，以在COVID-19大流行期间保护老年美国黑人的健康。
This article discusses the concept of ‘double jeopardy’—being both old and black—in relation to the disproportionate impacts of COVID-19 on older Black adults and how the linked effects of racism and ageism shape higher risks for disease and poorer outcomes. First, we review current information on COVID-19 morbidity and mortality profiles for older Black adults. These data indicate that Black people and older adults are the two most impacted groups. Consequently, older Black adults are doubly impacted and at particularly high risk for disease and death. Following this, we discuss risk and protective profiles for coronavirus and COVID-19 in major life areas (i.e., family and household composition, social isolation and loneliness, racial residential segregation, nursing homes and congregate living arrangements, and faith communities). We use a race- and age-informed framework to identify how practices and policies associated with Black race and older age are reflected in life circumstances and resources. The double jeopardy perspective is useful for underscoring long-standing race- and age-based inequities and social vulnerabilities and their role in producing the devastating deaths and injuries experienced by older Black Americans during the COVID-19 pandemic. Assessing race- and age-based inequities and social vulnerabilities can identify important risks and protective factors and assist in developing policies and actions to protect the health of older Black Americans during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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影响因子：
12.6
作者：
Holt-Lunstad, Julianne;Smith, Timothy B.;Stephenson, David
通讯作者：
Stephenson, David
DOI：
10.15585/mmwr.mm6915e1
发表时间：
2020-04-17
期刊：
MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report
影响因子：
--
作者：
Ghinai I;Woods S;Ritger KA;McPherson TD;Black SR;Sparrow L;Fricchione MJ;Kerins JL;Pacilli M;Ruestow PS;Arwady MA;Beavers SF;Payne DC;Kirking HL;Layden JE
通讯作者：
Layden JE
影响因子：
15.8
作者：
Holt-Lunstad J;Smith TB;Layton JB
通讯作者：
Layton JB
DOI：
10.3390/healthcare6010024
发表时间：
2018-03-03
期刊：
Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Chatters LM;Taylor HO;Nicklett EJ;Taylor RJ
通讯作者：
Taylor RJ
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Schulz, Amy J.;Mehdipanah, Roshanak;Israel, Barbara A.
通讯作者：
Israel, Barbara A.