Perillaldehyde Functions as a Potential Antifungal Agent by Triggering Metacaspase-Independent Apoptosis in Botrytis cinerea.
Perillaldehyde Functions as a Potential Antifungal Agent by Triggering Metacaspase-Independent Apoptosis in Botrytis cinerea.
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紫苏醛通过触发灰葡萄孢中不依赖元半胱天冬酶的细胞凋亡而发挥潜在的抗真菌剂的作用。
DOI：
10.1128/spectrum.00526-23
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发表时间：
2023-06-15
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
灰葡萄孢是灰霉病的病原菌，是引起采前和采后病害的重要植物病原菌。由于商业杀真菌剂的广泛使用，已经出现了抗杀真菌剂菌株。具有抗真菌特性的天然化合物广泛存在于各种生物中。紫苏醛（perillaldehyde，PA）是一种有效的抗菌物质，对人体和环境安全。在本研究中，我们证明PA可以显著抑制菌丝生长的B。cinerea对番茄叶片的致病性降低。我们还发现PA对番茄、葡萄和草莓有显著的保护作用。通过测定活性氧（ROS）积累、细胞内Ca2+水平、线粒体膜电位、DNA断裂和磷脂酰丝氨酸暴露来研究PA的抗真菌机制。进一步的分析表明，PA促进蛋白质泛素化，诱导自噬活性，然后触发蛋白质降解。当从B中敲除两个后半胱天冬酶基因BcMca 1和BcMca 2时，灰霉病，所有突变体没有表现出降低敏感性PA。这些结果表明PA可诱导B细胞发生不依赖于后半胱氨酸蛋白酶的凋亡。灰叶根据我们的研究结果，我们建议PA可以作为一种有效的控制剂，灰霉病管理。灰葡萄孢（Botrytis cinerea）引起灰霉病，被认为是世界范围内最重要的危险病原体之一，并在世界范围内导致严重的经济损失。由于缺乏抗B的品种。灰霉病的防治主要依靠施用合成杀菌剂。然而，合成杀菌剂的长期和广泛使用增加了B的杀菌剂抗性。灰霉病，对人类和环境有害。在这项研究中，我们发现紫苏醛对番茄，葡萄和草莓有明显的保护作用。进一步研究了PA对B的抗真菌作用机制。灰色区域。我们的研究结果表明，PA诱导的细胞凋亡是独立的metacaspase功能。
Botrytis cinerea, the causal agent of gray mold, is an important plant pathogen causing preharvest and postharvest diseases. Due to the extensive use of commercial fungicides, fungicide-resistant strains have emerged. Natural compounds with antifungal properties are widely present in various kinds of organisms. Perillaldehyde (PA), derived from the plant species Perilla frutescens, is generally recognized as a potent antimicrobial substance and to be safe to humans and the environment. In this study, we demonstrated that PA could significantly inhibit the mycelial growth of B. cinerea and reduced its pathogenicity on tomato leaves. We also found that PA had a significant protective effect on tomato, grape, and strawberry. The antifungal mechanism of PA was investigated by measuring the reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, the intracellular Ca2+ level, the mitochondrial membrane potential, DNA fragmentation, and phosphatidylserine exposure. Further analyses revealed that PA promoted protein ubiquitination and induced autophagic activities and then triggered protein degradation. When the two metacaspase genes, BcMca1 and BcMca2, were knocked out from B. cinerea, all mutants did not exhibit reduced sensitivity to PA. These findings demonstrated that PA could induce metacaspase-independent apoptosis in B. cinerea. Based on our results, we proposed that PA could be used as an effective control agent for gray mold management. IMPORTANCE Botrytis cinerea causes gray mold disease, is considered one of the most important dangerous pathogens worldwide, and leads to severe economic losses worldwide. Due to the lack of resistant varieties of B. cinerea, gray mold control has mainly relied on application of synthetic fungicides. However, long-term and extensive use of synthetic fungicides has increased fungicide resistance in B. cinerea and is harmful to humans and the environment. In this study, we found that perillaldehyde has a significant protective effect on tomato, grape, and strawberry. We further characterized the antifungal mechanism of PA on B. cinerea. Our results indicated that PA induced apoptosis that was independent of metacaspase function.
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