Chemicals Used in Plastic Materials: An Estimate of the Attributable Disease Burden and Costs in the United States.
Chemicals Used in Plastic Materials: An Estimate of the Attributable Disease Burden and Costs in the United States.
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塑料材料中使用的化学品：美国可归因疾病负担和成本的估计。
DOI：
10.1210/jendso/bvad163
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发表时间：
2024-01-05
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Belliveau, Michael
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Trasande, Leonardo;Krithivasan, Roopa;Park, Kevin;Obsekov, Vladislav;Belliveau, Michael
塑料中使用的化学物质被描述为导致疾病和残疾，但归因组分尚未被量化以评估具体的贡献。如果没有这些信息，就无法评估作为《全球塑料条约》一部分提出的干预措施的潜在效益。为了准确地了解美国持续依赖塑料生产作为经济生产力来源所涉及的权衡，我们计算了2018年塑料材料中使用的化学品造成的可归因性疾病负担和成本。我们首先分析了现有文献，以确定特定的多溴二苯醚(PBDE)、邻苯二甲酸酯、双酚、多氟烷基物质和全氟烷基物质(PFAS)的疾病和残疾的塑料相关部分(PRF)。然后，我们将之前公布的这些化学物质在美国的疾病负担和成本估计更新到2018年。通过联合这些数据，我们计算了美国因塑料造成的可归因性疾病负担和成本的估计。我们对双酚A的预测准确率为97.5%(灵敏度分析为96.25-98.75%)，邻苯二甲酸二乙基己酯为98%(96%-99%)，邻苯二甲酸丁酯和邻苯二甲酸苄酯为100%(71%-100%)，PBDE-47为98%(97%-99%)，PFAS为93%(16%-96%)。我们估计，2018年塑料可归因于疾病的负担总计2490亿美元(敏感度分析：2260亿至2890亿美元)。这些成本中的大部分是由于接触多溴联苯醚而产生的，但有667亿美元(647亿-673亿美元)是由于邻苯二甲酸盐暴露，224亿美元是由于全氟辛烷磺酸暴露(敏感性分析：38.5亿-601亿美元)。在美国，塑料对疾病和相关的社会成本有很大贡献，占国内生产总值的1.22%。只要暴露在目前的水平，塑料污染的成本就会继续累积。通过《全球塑料条约》和其他政策倡议采取的行动将按实际减少化学品暴露的比例减少这些费用。
Chemicals used in plastics have been described to contribute to disease and disability, but attributable fractions have not been quantified to assess specific contributions. Without this information, interventions proposed as part of the Global Plastics Treaty cannot be evaluated for potential benefits. To accurately inform the tradeoffs involved in the ongoing reliance on plastic production as a source of economic productivity in the United States, we calculated the attributable disease burden and cost due to chemicals used in plastic materials in 2018. We first analyzed the existing literature to identify plastic-related fractions (PRF) of disease and disability for specific polybrominated diphenylethers (PBDE), phthalates, bisphenols, and polyfluoroalkyl substances and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). We then updated previously published disease burden and cost estimates for these chemicals in the United States to 2018. By uniting these data, we computed estimates of attributable disease burden and costs due to plastics in the United States. We identified PRFs of 97.5% for bisphenol A (96.25-98.75% for sensitivity analysis), 98% (96%-99%) for di-2-ethylhexylphthalate, 100% (71%-100%) for butyl phthalates and benzyl phthalates, 98% (97%-99%) for PBDE-47, and 93% (16%-96%) for PFAS. In total, we estimate $249 billion (sensitivity analysis: $226 billion-$289 billion) in plastic-attributable disease burden in 2018. The majority of these costs arose as a result of PBDE exposure, though $66.7 billion ($64.7 billion-67.3 billion) was due to phthalate exposure and $22.4 billion was due to PFAS exposure (sensitivity analysis: $3.85-$60.1 billion). Plastics contribute substantially to disease and associated social costs in the United States, accounting for 1.22% of the gross domestic product. The costs of plastic pollution will continue to accumulate as long as exposures continue at current levels. Actions through the Global Plastics Treaty and other policy initiatives will reduce these costs in proportion to the actual reductions in chemical exposures achieved.
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影响因子：
1.4
作者：
Alberini, A;Krupnick, A
通讯作者：
Krupnick, A
DOI：
10.1016/s0140-6736(15)00128-2
发表时间：
2015-12-05
期刊：
Lancet (London, England)
影响因子：
--
作者：
GBD 2013 Risk Factors Collaborators;Forouzanfar MH;Alexander L;Anderson HR;Bachman VF;Biryukov S;Brauer M;Burnett R;Casey D;Coates MM;Cohen A;Delwiche K;Estep K;Frostad JJ;Astha KC;Kyu HH;Moradi-Lakeh M;Ng M;Slepak EL;Thomas BA;Wagner J;Aasvang GM;Abbafati C;Abbasoglu Ozgoren A;Abd-Allah F;Abera SF;Aboyans V;Abraham B;Abraham JP;Abubakar I;Abu-Rmeileh NM;Aburto TC;Achoki T;Adelekan A;Adofo K;Adou AK;Adsuar JC;Afshin A;Agardh EE;Al Khabouri MJ;Al Lami FH;Alam SS;Alasfoor D;Albittar MI;Alegretti MA;Aleman AV;Alemu ZA;Alfonso-Cristancho R;Alhabib S;Ali R;Ali MK;Alla F;Allebeck P;Allen PJ;Alsharif U;Alvarez E;Alvis-Guzman N;Amankwaa AA;Amare AT;Ameh EA;Ameli O;Amini H;Ammar W;Anderson BO;Antonio CA;Anwari P;Argeseanu Cunningham S;Arnlöv J;Arsenijevic VS;Artaman A;Asghar RJ;Assadi R;Atkins LS;Atkinson C;Avila MA;Awuah B;Badawi A;Bahit MC;Bakfalouni T;Balakrishnan K;Balalla S;Balu RK;Banerjee A;Barber RM;Barker-Collo SL;Barquera S;Barregard L;Barrero LH;Barrientos-Gutierrez T;Basto-Abreu AC;Basu A;Basu S;Basulaiman MO;Batis Ruvalcaba C;Beardsley J;Bedi N;Bekele T;Bell ML;Benjet C;Bennett DA;Benzian H;Bernabé E;Beyene TJ;Bhala N;Bhalla A;Bhutta ZA;Bikbov B;Bin Abdulhak AA;Blore JD;Blyth FM;Bohensky MA;Bora Başara B;Borges G;Bornstein NM;Bose D;Boufous S;Bourne RR;Brainin M;Brazinova A;Breitborde NJ;Brenner H;Briggs AD;Broday DM;Brooks PM;Bruce NG;Brugha TS;Brunekreef B;Buchbinder R;Bui LN;Bukhman G;Bulloch AG;Burch M;Burney PG;Campos-Nonato IR;Campuzano JC;Cantoral AJ;Caravanos J;Cárdenas R;Cardis E;Carpenter DO;Caso V;Castañeda-Orjuela CA;Castro RE;Catalá-López F;Cavalleri F;Çavlin A;Chadha VK;Chang JC;Charlson FJ;Chen H;Chen W;Chen Z;Chiang PP;Chimed-Ochir O;Chowdhury R;Christophi CA;Chuang TW;Chugh SS;Cirillo M;Claßen TK;Colistro V;Colomar M;Colquhoun SM;Contreras AG;Cooper C;Cooperrider K;Cooper LT;Coresh J;Courville KJ;Criqui MH;Cuevas-Nasu L;Damsere-Derry J;Danawi H;Dandona L;Dandona R;Dargan PI;Davis A;Davitoiu DV;Dayama A;de Castro EF;De la Cruz-Góngora V;De Leo 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通讯作者：
Murray CJ
影响因子：
44.5
作者：
Kassotis, Christopher D.;Vandenberg, Laura N.;Trasande, Leonardo
通讯作者：
Trasande, Leonardo
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Guh, Soyeon;Chen Xingbao;Whittington, Dale
通讯作者：
Whittington, Dale
影响因子：
44.5
作者：
Attina, Teresa M.;Hauser, Russ;Trasande, Leonardo
通讯作者：
Trasande, Leonardo