Ultrafine, self-crimp, and electret nano-wool for low-resistance and high-efficiency protective filter media against PM(0.3).
Ultrafine, self-crimp, and electret nano-wool for low-resistance and high-efficiency protective filter media against PM(0.3).
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jcis.2020.05.123
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发表时间：
2020-10-15
影响因子：
9.9
通讯作者：
Ding B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li Y;Cao L;Yin X;Si Y;Yu J;Ding B
新发传染病(EID)的频繁暴发使得个人防护滤材的需求越来越大。由于纤维直径小，电纺纳米纤维材料被证明在抵抗含病毒细颗粒方面非常有效；然而，由于细纤维固有的紧密堆积特性，电纺过滤器的空气阻力相对较高，因此呼吸舒适性较差。在这里，我们报道了一种仿生的一步法来制造超细和卷曲的类羊毛纳米纤维，称为纳米羊毛，它表现出蓬松的组装结构和强大的驻极体效应。通过实现纳米纤维的在线自卷曲和原位充电，卷曲驻极体纳米羊毛显示出直径~0.6V(比天然羊毛低两个数量级：~20μm)和98.7%的超高孔隙率，以及13260 V的超高表面电位(比以前的滤光片高一个数量级)。纳米羊毛的结构优势和强大的驻极体效应使其表现出优异的过滤效果(对PM0.3的过滤效率为99.995%)和较低的空气阻力(55兆帕)。此外，纳米羊毛可以很容易地放大，不仅在个人防护口罩方面具有巨大的工业前景，而且还为开发具有成本效益和多功能的下一代羊毛铺平了道路。
Frequent outbreaks of emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) make personal protective filter media in high demand. Electrospun nanofibrous materials are proved to be very effective in resisting virus-containing fine particles owing to their small fiber diameters; however, hindered by the intrinsic close-packing character of fine fibers, electrospun filters suffer from a relatively high air resistance, thereby poor breathing comfort. Here, we report a biomimetic and one-step strategy to create ultrafine and curly wool-like nanofibers, named nano-wool, which exhibit fluffy assembly architecture and powerful electret effect. By achieving the online self-crimp and in-situ charging of nanofibers, the curly electret nano-wool shows a small diameter of ~0.6 μm (two orders of magnitude lower than natural wool: ~20 μm) and an ultrahigh porosity of 98.7% simultaneously, together with an ultrahigh surface potential of 13260 V (one order of magnitude higher than previous filters). The structural advantages and powerful electret effect enable nano-wool to show excellent filtration efficacy (>99.995% for PM0.3) and low air resistance (55 Pa). Additionally, nano-wool can be easily scaled up, not only holding great industrial prospect in personal protective respirators, but also paving the way for developing next-generation wool in a cost-efficient and multifunctional form.
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